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> Mudbrick tombs with a few grave goods
> Arabic for “Booth”
>During Predynastic Period
> Shows the rise of social stratification (poor people only got holes in the ground)
> Kind of the ancestor of the elaborate tombs that will follow |
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Mesopotamian King that was later deified
>Stories of Dumuzi/ Ianna:
Created the Sacred Marriage Act
Explained the seasons
Predynastic |
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Mound consisting of the accumulated remains of one or more ancient settlements.
Created because easier to build on top of debris than around it
Strata at the bottom are older than the ones at the top |
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>The arid regions to the east and west of the Nile River
>Collectively known as the Red Crown of Lower Egypt
>Environmental Circumscription |
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>Where pharaohs began interning their bodies
>Start out as step pyramids, move to smooth sided later.
> Towards the end, become less and less grandiose as kings lose power
>Old Kingdom- Dynasty 3 |
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>First ruler of the first dynasty
>Egyptian founding legend. |
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>Tablet that signifies unificiation of Upper and Lower Egypt
> During Protodynastic period
(End of Predynastic period) |
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> Pharaoh of the old kingdom 3rd dynasty
> Built step pyramids that later gave way to the pyramids we know in Giza
>Exploits in Sinai. Found copper there. |
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> Pharoah old kingdom 26th century
> Built the Meidum pyramid, then Bent, then Red Pyramid |
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| Pyramid with 3 building phases. Snefru’s |
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| Site of the great pyramid of Khufu. |
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| Ammorite ruler of Babylon 18-17th century |
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| Last king dating to the middle bronze age |
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| Site of Battle between Thutmose III and Amorites |
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| Finnishian city. Lebanon. Provided cedar to Egypt |
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| Egyptian Capital during 11th and 18th Dynasties |
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>Hyksos capital in lower Egypt
>500 years of rule 21st century to 16th |
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| King 15th century. 6th pharaoh of 18th dynasty. |
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| Third pharaoh of the 19th dynasty- New Kingdom |
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>Arabic for “The Castles”
>Site of many temples and castles for Opec Festival. In thebes |
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| Hittite capital in Anatolia |
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| Capital of Babylonian empire |
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>Grandson of Sargon. Old Akkadian Empire 26th century BC
>King depicted as a God.
>Curse of Agade |
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> Akkadian King. First king of the Akkadian Empire 2300 BC
> Grandfather of Naram-Sin |
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| Rule of Akkad beginning with Sargon |
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>Pharaoh of the 18th dynasty
>Ahmenhotep IV.
>Changes his name when he changes religion.
>He looks lame in his pictures.
>May have been Tutenkamen’s father. |
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| Northern part. Lebanon and Syria. Southern Part Israel |
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>Anatolian empire that challenged Egyptian empire and supremacy
1650-1400 Old Hittite
1400-1290 Hittie Empire
1200 Neohittite |
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| Hurrian empire in Northern Levant. 14th century Time of the Amarna Period |
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| Environmental cirumscription |
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| Founder 18th dynasty. Starts the New Kingdom |
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| Arose after fall of Akkadian dynasty. 21st century BC |
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| First Mesopotamian empire. Uruk and Ur |
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| Center of the Akkadian Empire |
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| Between Ramses II and the Mutaulli I of the Hittites |
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| Thutmose III and Ammorites |
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>10,000 inscriptions found in Syria.
>19th century BC.
>Told us a lot about the time |
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| Royal correspondences 1400 BC |
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| Title might mean priest or lord in Mesopotamian inscriptions |
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| Iannana. Goddess of Sexual love and War. |
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>Stela of Egyptian King late 13th century.
>Earliest known mention of Israel. >Egyptian campaigns against in the Southern Levant |
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| Southern Levant. Land of Israel |
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>Discovered by Napoleon.
>Three languages:
Classical Greek, Dumotic,Hieroglyphic
>Reason why we are able to translate Egyptian |
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| >Egyptian historian. 3rd century BC. >Compiled the Egyptian King list. |
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| Earliest system of writing. |
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>West bank of the Nile. Across from Thebes.
>Hard to get to. Sick of people robbing tombs |
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>Procession for the gods.
>Through Thebes and Luxor. |
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| Hittite king 1550 BC Conquered Ulepo, |
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| >Hittite king from the 14th century. >Took control of Egyptian territories in Syria. |
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>1st Httite ruler of the old kingdom.
> AKA Lavarna. |
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| Kingdom bordering Egypt in the Sudan. Southern Border |
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| Region of Mesopotamia containing Nimrud, Assur, others |
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| Second Intermediate Period |
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>Between Ramses II and Hattusilli III >1258BC
> Treaty following Battle of Kadesh
> Both Egyptian and Kadesh copies |
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>Hittite King. 13th century BC.
> Last king of the empire.
> Expanded the wall of Hattusha.
> But lost land to the Assyrians |
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>New Kingdom Hittite King.
>Fought Ramses II in Kadesh |
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| Vegetation and animals and offerings procession |
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| Beginning of the Reign of Hammurabi |
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| Mursili I destroys Babylon |
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| Ahmose ejects Hyksos from Egypt |
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| Amarna Period (Letters from this time) |
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