Laocoon

-Hellenistic

-1 AD

-Created by Rhodes scholars

-Scene in the Aeneid

-Was the pinnacle of expressionism, depicting great agony of Laocoon and his sons

-Great influence on renaissance sculpture

-Unusual that it is a sculptural group

Old Market Woman

-Hellenistic, 150-100 BC

-Part of a set of roughly 10 sculptures that depicted common people hyper realistically

-Roman Copy

Nike of Samothrace

-Hellenistic, 190 BC

-Victory embodiment of Athena

-Shows her landing on the prow of a ship in great detail, including the effect of sea spray and other realistic elements that would accompany such a situation

Dying Gaul

-Hellenistic 230-220 BC

-Located at the Pergamon altar

-Shows death with dignity, respect for opponent

-Distinguished as Gaul by his torque and his fierce hairstyle

Apoxyomenos

-Classical 330 BC

-Created by sculptor Lysippos 

-Shift in the canon of proportions laid out by Polykleitos

-Not a heroic pose but rather cleaning himself after excercising

Aphrodite of Knidos

-Classical 350-340 BC

-Nude yet not an erotic sculpture, bathing and thus unaware of audience

-Created by sculptor Praxitallus

Stele of Hegeso

-Classical, 400 BC

-Grave marker, 3rd type yet seen in Ancient Greece

-Enclosed area shows the secluded life which women were forced to live

-Shows drapery

Nike Adjusting Her Sandal

-Classical 410 BC

-Located on the balistrate of the temple of Athena Nike on the Acropolis

-Shows great appreciation for arete, or balance, as she strikes a near impossible pose with ease

-Shows significant skill in drapery and the impression of her body

Temple of Athena Nike

 -Classical 427-424 BC

-Created by one of the archtiects of the Parthenon, Kalikrates

-Smallest building on the acropolis

-Display of hubris for Athenian victory in Persian War

The Parthenon

-Classical 447-438 BC

-Architects: Kalikrates and Iktinos

-Perfectly proportioned

-House 38 ft statue of Athena

-Example of Greek use of alexamatta, or slightly altering the dimensions of the building to make it more visually appealing

-  Frieze showed Panathenaic games, metopes show centauromachy, sculptures show the competition of the patron god of Athens

Doryphoros

-Classical 450-440 BC

-Artist: Polykleitos, who devised the perfect human proportions as 7:1 in his work Canon 

-Would orignally have held a spear, demonstrating the might of the Athenian military

-pronounced contrapposto pose

Diskobolos

-Classical 450 BC

-Sculpted by Myron

-Illustrates Greek ideal of arete, complete control of human movement right before the discus is released

-Mind in complete control of the body

-Roman copy, Greek original would not have had the balancing stone

Kritios Boy

-Classical 480 BC

-First introduction of contrapposto

-No archaic smile or orientalizing influences

Death of Sarpedon Krater

-Archaic 515 BC

-Creator: Euphronas

-Tells story of Trojan hero Sarpedon, son of Zeus, who was carried away by gods including Hermes (psychopompus) upon his death in the Trojan war

-Red figure vase

Panathenaic Prize Amphora

-Archaic 530 BC

-Euphiletos was the creator

-Would have been filled with olive oil from the sacrd olive tree awarded to Athens by Atehna and awarded to the winner in the Sprinting competition

West Pediment of the temple of Artemis

-Archaic 550 BC

-Shows Medusa as a guardian figure

-Sculptors learning how to fill a triangle space, shows willingness to work within the pediment

Temple of Hera I

-Archaic 550 BC

-Located in Italy, near Naples

-Shows strong pattern of triglyphs and metopes

-uses 3:1 ratio

-columns were more squat due to the archaic style

Kouros from Anavysos

-Archaic 530 BC

-Embodiment of archaic style, with archaic smile to show emotion and orientalized features, such as the braided hair adopted from Egypt and other eastern cultures

Lady of Auxerre

-Transitional between Geometric and Archaic, 650-625 BC

-Geometric due to flat dimensions

-Clothed like all kore

-Shows orientalizing influences in her hair

-Would have been a grave marker

Krater from Dipylon

-Geometric, 650-625 BC

-Located at Dipylon cemetery, one of Athens main cemeteries

-Characterized by geometric shapes and meander pattern

-Funerary, used to pour libations, and shows the dead man

Tholos, Treasury of Atreus

-Mycenean, 1300-1250 BC

-Mistaken for a treasury, but actually a round tomb, known as a tholos

-Largest dome in western world until the Pantheon

-Made without mortar, all corbelled stone

Toreador Fresco

-Minoan, 1450-1400 BC

-Bulls were sacred

-Was true fresco on wet plaster and thus was more hardy

-Lighter figures female, darker figure male