Term
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Definition
Work together in functionally related groups called tissues.
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Term
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Definition
A group of closely associated cells that perform related functions and are similar in structure
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Term
Four Basic Tissue Types and Basic Functions
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Definition
Epithelial tissue – covering
Connective tissue – support
Muscle tissue – movement
Nervous tissue – control
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Term
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Definition
Covers a body surface or lines a body cavity
Forms parts of most glands
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Term
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Definition
Protection
Absorption, secretion, and ion transport
Filtration
Forms slippery surfaces
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Term
Special Characteristics of Epithelia
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Definition
- Cellularity
Cells separated by minimal extra cellular material
- Specialized contacts
Cells joined by special junction
- Polarity
Cell regions of the apical surface differ from the basal surface.
- Support by connective tissue
- Avascular but innervated
Epithelia receive nutrients from underlying connective tissue
- Regeneration
Lost cells are quickly replaced by cell division |
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Classifications of Epithelia
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Definition
First name of tissue indicates number of cell layers
Simple – one layer of cells
Stratified – more than one layer of cells
Last name of tissue describes shape of cells
Squamous – cells are wider than tall (plate-like)
Cuboidal – cells are as wide as tall, like cubes
Columnar – cells are taller than they are wide, like columns |
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Term
1. Simple Squamous Epithelium
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Definition
Description – single layer – flat cells with disc-shaped nuclei
Specialized types
Endothelium (inner covering) – slick lining of hollow organs
Mesothelium (middle covering)
Lines peritoneal, pleural, pericardial cavities
Covers visceral organs of those cavities
Function
Passage of materials by passive diffusion and filtration
Secretes lubricating substances in serosae
Location
Renal corpuscles
Alveoli of lungs
Lining of heart, blood and lymphatic vessels
Lining of ventral body cavity (serosae)
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Term
2. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
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Definition
Description
Single layer of cubelike cells with large, spherical central nuclei
Function
Secretion and absorption
Location
Kidney tubules, secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface
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