Origin: zygomatic arch

Insertion: Mandibular ramus and mandibular angle

Action: elevates mandible

Origin: temporal fossa of the temporal bone

Insertion: coronoid process of mandible

Action: elevates mandible, and retracts mandible

Origin: manubrium of sternum and medial side of clavicle

Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone

Action: flexes head, rotates head laterally

Origin: transverse process of the cervical vertebrae

Insertion: anterior surface or ribs 1-2

Action: elevates ribs 1-2, flexes neck, rotates neck

Origin: ribs 3-5

Insertion: coracoid process of the scapula

Action: depresses scapula, downwardly rotates scapula

Origin: inferior border of ribs

Insertion: superior border of ribs

Action: elevates rib cage

Origin: superior border of ribs

Insertion: inferior border of ribs

Action: depresses rib cage

Origin: ribs 1-8

Insertion: vertebral border of the scapula

Action: rotates inferior angle of scapula laterally

Origin: ribs 5-12

Insertion: linea alba, pubic crest, pubic tubercle, iliac crest

Action: flexes vertebral column, compresses abdominal wall

Origin: lumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament

Insertion: linea alba, pubic crest

Action: flexes vertebral column, compresses abdominal wall

Origin: pubic crest, pubic syphysis

Insertion: xiphoid process, ribs 5-7

Action: flexes lumbar region of vertebral column, rotates lumbar region of vertebral column

Origin: occipital bone, spinous processes of C7-T12

Insertion: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, spine of scapula, acromion process of scapula

Action: elevates scapula, depresses scapula, rotates scapula, adducts scapula

Origin: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, spine of scapula, acromion process of scapula

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Action: adducts arm; flexes arm at shoulder, rotates arm medially, extends arm at shoulder, rotates arm laterally

Origin: spinous processes of T7-T12, ribs 9-12, iliac crest, inferior angle of scapula

Insertion: intertubercular groove of the humerus

Action: extends arm at shoulder, adducts arm, rotates arm medially

Origin: sternal end of the clavicle, ribs 1-6

Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

Action: flexes arm shoulder, rotates arm medially, adducts arm

Origin: transverse processes of C1-C4

Insertion: vertebral border of the scapula

Action: elevates scapula, downwardly rotates scapula

Origin: spinous processes of T2-T5

Insertion: vertebral border of the scapular

Action: adducts scapula, downwardly rotates scapula

Origin: spinous processes of C7-T1

Insertion: vertebral border of the scapula

Action: adducts scapula, downwardly rotates scapula

Origin: infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus

Action: abducts arm

Origin: infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus

Action: rotates arm laterally

Origin: inferior angle of the scapula

Insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus

Action: adducts arm, extends arm at shoulder, rotates arm medially

Origin: lateral border of the scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus

Action: rotates arm laterally

Origin: subscapular fossa of the scapula

Insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus

Action: rotates arm medially

Origin: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

Insertion: radial tuberosity of the radius

Action: flexes forearm at elbow, supinates forearm

Origin: coracoid process of the scapula

Insertion: radial tuberosity of the radius

Action: flexes forearm at elbow, supinates forearm

Origin: anterior humerus

Insertion: coronoid process of the ulna

Action: flexes forearm at elbow

Origin: coracoid process of the scapula

Insertion: medial humerus

Action: flexes arm at shoulder, adducts arm

Origin: infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

Insertion: olecranon process of the ulna

Action: extends forearm at elbow

Origin: posterior humerus

Insertion: olecranon process of the ulna

Action: extends forearm at elbow

Origin: posterior humerus

Insertion: olecranon process of the ulna

Action: extends forearm at elbow

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: lateral radius

Action: pronates forearm

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

Action: flexes hand at wrist, abducts hand

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: palmar aponeurosis

Action: flexes hand at wrist

Origin: medial epicondle of the humerus, olecranon process of the ulna, shaft of the ulna

Insertion: pisiform, hamate, 5th metacarpal

Action: flexes hand at wrist, adducts hand

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus, coronoid process of ulna, shaft of radius

Insertion: middle phalanges of 2nd to 5th digit

Action: flexes hand at wrist, flexes proximal interphalangeal joints

Origin: ulna and interosseous membrane

Insertion: distal phalanges of 2nd to 5th digit

Action: flexes distal interphalangeal joints

Origin: anterior radius and interosseous membrane

Insertion: distal phalanx of pollux

Action: flexes 1st interphalangeal joint

Origin: distal and anterior ulna

Insertion: distal and anterior radius

Action: pronates forearm

Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus

Insertion: styloid process of the radius

Action: flexes forearm at elbow, stabilizes elbow during flexion and extension

Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus

Insertion: 2nd metacarpal

Action: extends hand at wrist, abducts hand

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: 3rd metacarpal

Action: extends hand at wrist, abducts hand

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: distal phalanges of 2nd to 5th digit

Action: extends distal interphalangeal joints, extends hand at wrist

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus, posterior ulna

Insertion: 5th metacarpal

Action: extends hand at wrist, adducts hand

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus, proximal ulna

Insertion: proximal end of radius

Action: supinates forearm

Origin: posterior radius, posterior ulna, interosseous membrane

Insertion: trapezium, 1st metacarpal

Action: abducts pollex

Origin: posterior radius, posterior ulna, interosseous membrane

Insertion: proximal phalanx of pollex

Action: extends 1st metacarpaphalangeal joint

Origin: posterior radius, posterior ulna, interosseous membrane

Insertion: distal phalanx pollex

Action: extends 1st interphalangeal joint

Origin: posterior ulna, interosseous membrane

Insertion: distal phalanx of 2nd digit

Action: extends 2nd distal interphalangeal joint

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: distal phalanx of 5th digit

Action: extends 5th distal interphalangeal joint

Origin: scaphoid, trapezium, flexor retinaculum

Insertion: proximal phalanx of pollex

Action: abducts pollex

Origin: trapexium, flexor retinaculum

Insertion: 1st metacarpal

Action: opposes pollex

Origin: trapezium, flexor retinaculum

Insertion: proximal phlanx of pollex

Action: flexes 1st metacarpal-phalangeal joint

Origin: capitate, 2nd-4th metacarpals

Insertion: proximal phalanx of pollex

Action: adducts pollux, opposes pollex

Origin: iliac fossa, ala of the sacrum, transverse processes of T12-L5

Insertion: lesser trochanter of the femur

Action: flexes thigh at hip, flexes vertebral column

Origin: anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: medial tibia

Action: flexes thigh at hip, rotates thigh laterally, flexes leg at knee, rotates knee medially

Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine

Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity via tendon of quadriceps femoris and patella ligament

Action: extends leg at knee, flexes thigh at hip

Origin: greater trochanter of the femur, intertrochanteric line, linea aspera of the femur

Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity via tendon of quadriceps femoris and patella ligament

Action: extends leg at knee, stabilizes knee

Origin: linea aspera of the femur, intertrochanteric line

Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity via tendon of quadriceps femoris and patella ligament

Action: extends leg at knee, stabilizes patella

Origin: shaft of the femur

Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity via tendon of quadriceps femoris and patellar ligament

Action: extends leg at knee

Origin: superior ramus of pubis

Insertion: linea aspera of femur

Action: adducts thigh, flexes thigh at hip, rotates thigh medially

Origin: anterior superior iliac spine, iliac crest

Insertion: iliotibial tract

Action: flexes thigh at hip, abducts thigh, rotates thigh medially

Origin: inferior ramus of the pubis, body of the pubis

Insertion: medial surface of the tibia

Action: adducts thigh, flexes leg at knee, rotates leg medially

Origin: pubis-near pubic symphysis

Insertion: linea aspera of the femur

Action: adducts thigh, flexes thigh at hip, rotates thigh medially

Origin: body of the pubis, inferior ramus of the pubis

Inserton: linea aspera of the femur

Action: adducts thigh, rotates thigh medially

Origin: inferior ramus of the pubis, ischial ramus, ischial tuberosity

Insertion: linea aspera of the femur

Action: adducts thigh, rotates thigh laterally, flexes thigh at hip

Origin: posteior ilium, sacrum, coccyx

Insertion: ilotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity of the femur

Action: extends thigh at hip, rotates thigh laterally, abducts thigh

Origin: lateral surface of the ilium

Insertion: greater trochanter of the femur

Action: abducts thigh, rotates thigh medially

Origin: ischial tuberosity

Insertion: head of the fibula, lateral condyle of the tibia

Action: extends thigh at hip, flexes leg at knee, rotates leg laterally

Origin: linea aspera

Insertion: head of the fibula, lateral condyle of the tibia

Action: extends thigh at hip, flexes let at knee, rotates leg laterally

Origin: ischial tuberosity

Insertion: medial tibia

Action: extends thigh at hip; flexes leg at knee, rotates leg medially

Origin: lateral surface of the sacrum

Insertion: greater trochanter of the femur

Action: rotates thigh laterally when hip is extended

Origin: ischial tuberosity

Insertion: intertrochanteric crest of the femur

Action: rotates thigh laterally, stabilizes hip

Origin: lateral condyle of the tibia, interosseous membrane

Insertion: medial cuneiform, 1st metatarsal

Action: dorsiflexes foot at ankle, inverts foot

Origin: anterior fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: distal phalanx of the hallux

Action: dorsiflexes foot at ankle, extends 1st interphalangeal joint

Origin: lateral condyle of the tibia, proximal fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: middle and distal phalanges of 2nd-5th digits

Action: extends 2nd-5th distal interphalangeal joints

Origin: anterior fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: 5th metatarsal

Action: dorsiflexes foot at ankle, everts foot

Origin: head of the fibula

Insertion: medial cuneiform, 1st metatarsal

Action: plantar flexes foot at ankle, everts foot

Origin: distal fibula

Insertion: 5th metatarsal

Action: plantar flexes foot at ankle, everts foot

Origin: lateral condyle of femur, medial condyle of the femur

Insertion: calcaneus

Action: plantar flexes foot at ankle

Origin: proximal tibia, proximal fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: calcaneus

Action: plantar flexes foot at ankle

Origin: posterior tibia

Insertion: distal phalanges of 2nd-5th digits

Action: plantar flexes foot at ankle, inverts foot, flexes 2nd-5th distal interphalangeal joint

Origin: middle shaft of fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: distal phalanx of hallux

Action: plantar flexes foot at ankle, inverts foot, flexes all joints of hallux

Origin: proximal tibia, proximal fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: navicular bone, 2nd-4th metatarsal

Action: plantar flexes foot at ankle, inverts foot

Origin: iliac crest, ribs 3-12

Insertion: inferior border of the ribs, transverse processes of C4-C6

Action: extends vertebral column, laterally flexes vertebral column

Origin: transverse processes of C4-L5

Insertion: mastoid process of the temporal bone

Action: extends vertebral column, laterally flexes vertebral column

Origin: spinous processes of T7-L3

Insertion: spinous processes of C4-T6

Action: extends vertebral column

Origin: spinous processes of C6-T7

Insertion: mastoid process of the temporal bone, occipital bone

Action: extends or hyperextends vertebral column

Origin: transverse processes of C7-T12

Insertion: occipital bone

Action: extends vertebral column