Term
| which organelle is considered the memory bank of the cell? |
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Definition
| the nucleus- which stores the genetic code and controls all the other organ in the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| the uptake of materials into the cell by an invagination of the cell membrane around the material |
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Term
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Definition
| an active transport of materials out of the cell. When a vesicle within the cell fuses with the cell membrane and then expels its contents out into the extracellular environment. |
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Term
| describe the golgi aparatus |
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Definition
| it is the second largest organelle after the nucleus. composed of stacks of three to twenty flattened, smooth membraned vesicular sacs. functions to further modify and package protiens for export out of the ell, as well as the production of lysosomes. |
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Term
| describe the endoplasmic reticulum |
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Definition
| a network of membrane bound channels, classified as either smooth or rough according to its microscopic appearance (with and without ribosomes bound to the outer surface). ER's primary functions are modification, storage, segregation and transport of proteins. |
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Term
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Definition
| the most numerous organelles in the cell. Power plants of the cell, associated with energy conversion (major source of ATP). Also help balance the concentration of water, calcium, and other ions in the cytoplasm. |
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Term
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Definition
a 2 dimensional system of support for the cell. composed of
1) microfilaments- delicate, threadlike microscopic structures
2)microtubules- slender, hallow, tublar microscopic structures. also for the internal frame work of the flagella, centrioles, and the mitotic spindle for cell division.
3) intermediate filaments, thicker, threadlike microscopic structures. various types: tonofilaments, and keratin. |
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Term
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Definition
| intercellular junction between cells, disc shaped, simular to a spot weld. |
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Term
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Definition
| junction between cell and non cellular surface. eg gingival attachment to tooth. finger nail to finger bed |
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Term
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Definition
| a thin acellular, chemical based, structure always located between any form of epithelium and its underlying connective tissue |
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Term
| what are the two layers of the basement membrane? |
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Definition
1)basal lamina which is further layered
a)lamina lucida
b) lamina densa
2)reticular lamina |
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Term
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Definition
| most common cell type in connective tissue. synthesize certain types of protein fivers and intercellular substance. flat, elongated cells with cytoplasmic processes at each end. |
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Term
| name and describe the two types of cartilage growth |
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Definition
interstitial growth- growth from deep with in the tissue by mitosis
appositional growth- layered growth on the outside of the tissue from th eouter layer of chonroblasts within the perichondrium |
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Term
| name and describe the 2 types of bone development (ossification) |
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Definition
intramembranous ossification- formation of osteoid between two dense connective tissue sheets, which then eventualy replaces the outer connective tissue.
endochondral ossification- the formation of the osteoid within a hyaline cartilage model thay subsequently becomes mineralized and dies. osteoblasts penetrate the disintegrating cartilage and form primary ossification centers that continue forming osteoid towards the end of the bone during prenatal birth. Later after birth, secondary ossification center from which allow for further growth. |
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Term
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Definition
| joined matrix pieces forming a lattice in cancellous bone |
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Term
| define the Haversian system |
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Definition
| the organized arrangement of concentric lamellae in compact bone |
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Term
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Definition
| closely apposed sheets of bone matrix in compact bone |
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Term
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Definition
| a central vascular canal that contains blood vessels and nerves |
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Term
| define Volksmann's canals |
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Definition
| nutrient canals running perpendicular to haversain canals, communicate with them as well as with the larger blood supply external to the bone |
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