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Anatomy Exam 1
Back Muscles
39
Other
Graduate
12/04/2009

Additional Other Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What 2 parts are found on the base of the skull?
Definition
Occipital bone & mastoid process
Term

What is this called?

 

 [image]

 

[image]

Definition
External occipital protuberance
Term

What is this called?

 

[image]

 

[image]

Definition
Mastoid process
Term

What is the name of this bone?

 

What are the names of the boarders?

 

[image]

Definition

Scapula

 

1) Medial boarder

2) Superior boarder

3) Lateral boarder

Term

Where does the pelvic brim span?

 

 [image]

Definition
From sacrum to anterior hip
Term

What are the 2 major branches of nerves associated with the spine?

 

 [image]

Definition

1) Anterior rami (green): anterior muscles (front)

2) Posterior rami (purple): posterior muscles (back)

Term

How do muscles work?

 

What are the 4 criteria we are looking at in regards to the back muscles? What do they entail?

Definition

By getting shorter

 

1) Origin: fixed attachement. Proximal (closest to midline)

2) Insertion: attachment that moves. Distal (further from midline)

3) Action

4) Nerve/innervation

Term
What are the 3 major groups of back muscles?
Definition

1) Superficial: act on upper extremity

2) Intermediate: act on ribs

3) Deep: act upon vertebral column and head

Term

What superficial muscles is this?

 

 [image]

 

[image]

Definition
Trapezius
Term

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Innervation?

 

[image]

Definition
  • Origin: Cervical & thoracic vertebrae, external occipital protuberance
  • Insertion: spine, acromion of scapula & lateral (away from midline) 3rd of clavicle (sholder blade)
  • Action: stailizes, elevates, rotates, retracts scapula
  • Nerve: cranal nerve 11(accessory)
Term

What superficial back muscle is this?

 

 [image]

 

[image]

Definition
Latissimus dorsi
Term

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Innervation?

 

[image]

Definition
  • Origin: lower thoracic & all lumbar spinous processes, pelvic crest
  • Insertion: humerus (arm bone)
  • Action: extends, adducts (draw inward) & medially rotates arm
  • Nerve: Thoracodorsal nerve (anterior rami)
Term

What superficial back muscle is this?

 

[image]

Definition
Levator scapulae
Term

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Innervation?

 

[image]

Definition
  • Origin: transverse processes of upper cervical vertebrae
  • Insertion: upper medial boarder of scapula
  • Action: elevates scapula, downward roatation of glenoid fossa (scapula)
  • Nerve: dorsal scapular nerve (anterior rami)
Term

What superficial back muscles are these?

 

[image]

Definition

1) Romboid major

2) Romboid minor

Term

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Innervation?

 

[image]

Definition
  • Origin: C7 and upper thoracic spinous processes
  • Insertion: Medial boarder of scapula
  • Action: retracts scapula, downward rotation of glenoid fossa
  • Nerve: dorsal scapular nerve (anterior rami)
Term

What part of the superficial back muscles are these?

What muscles boarder it?

 

 [image]

Definition
Triangle of auscultation: surrounded by trapezius, lattisimus dorsi & rhomboid major
Term

What intermediate back muscle is this?

 

Where is it located relative to other muscles?

 

[image]

 

Definition

Serratus posterior superior

 

Deep to rhomboids & scapula

Term

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Innervation?

 

[image]

Definition
  • Origin: spinous process of C7 & T3
  • Insertion: Ribs 2-4
  • Action: elevates ribs during inspiration
  • Nerve: Anterior rami
Term

What intermediate back muscles are these?

 

Where is it located relative to other muscles?

 

 [image]

Definition

Serratus posterior inferior

 

Deep to lattissimus dorsi

Term

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Innervation?

 

[image]

Definition
  • Origin: spinous process of T11-L2
  • Innervation: Ribs 8-12
  • Action: Depresses ribs during exhalation
  • Nerve: anterior rami
Term

What are the deep back muscles innervated by?

 

What is the Throacolumbar fascia?

 

 

 

Definition

Posterior rami (purple) &  thoracolumbar fascia

 

-Dense CT

-Supports and anchors muscles

-Invests deeps back muscles

 

[image]

Term

What are the 2 main actions of the deep back muscles?

 

 [image]

Definition
  1. Bilateral: both sides, typically extension
  2. Unilateral: one side

- Ipsilateral: to the same side

- Contralateral: different side

 

Term

What deep back muscle is this?

 

 [image]

 

 [image]

Definition
Spenalius capitis
Term

Origin?

Instertion?

Action?

Nerve?

 

[image]

Definition
  • Origin: spines of cervical & upper thoracic vertebrae
  • Insertion: occipital bone & mastoid process
  • Action: bilateral contraction of the head & neck. Ipsilateral rotation of the head
  • Nerve: posterior rami

 

Term

What deep back muscle is this?

 

Origin?

Instertion?

Action?

Nerve?

 

[image]

 

[image]

Definition

Splenius cervicis

 

  • Origin: spines of cervical & upper thoracic vertebrae
  • Insertion: transverse process of C1-C4
  • Action: bilateral contraction of the head & neck. Ipsilateral rotation of the head
  • Nerve: posterior rami
  • Term

    What group of deep nack muscles are these?

     

    What are the names of the parts?

     

     [image]

    Definition

    Erector spinae

     

    ILS: I Love Spaghetti

    1) I: illiocostallis (outermost)

    2) L: longissimus (middle)

    3) S: spinalis (closest to spine)

    Term

    What are the overall actions of the erector spinae group?

     

    [image]

    Definition

    - Ipsilateral rotation of the spine & head

    - Lateral flexion of the spine

    - Bilateral extension of the head & spine

    Term

    Of 3:

     

    Origin?

    Insertion?

    Action?

    Nerve?

     

    [image]

    Definition

    Origin: tendon & spinous process of sacral & lumbar vertebrae

    Insertion: spinous process of upper thoracic vertebrae

    Action: bilateral - extends vertebral column

    ipsilateral flexion and rotation

    Nerve: Posterior rami

    Term

    What deep back muscle is #2?

     

    Origin?

    Instertion?

    Action?

    Nerve?

     

    [image]

    Definition

    Longissimus

     

    Origin: tendon & spinous process of sacral & lumbar vertebrae

    Insertion: ribs & transverse process of thoracic & cervical vertebrae

    Action: bilateral - extends vertebral column

    ipsilateral flexion and rotation

    Nerve: Posterior rami

    Term

    What deep back muscle is #1?

     

    Origin?

    Insertion?

    Action?

    Nerve?

     

    [image]

    Definition

    Illiocostalis

     

    Origin: tendon & spinous process of sacral & lumbar vertebrae

    Insertion: ribs & transverse process of cervical vertebrae

    Action: bilateral - extends vertebral column

    ipsilateral flexion and rotation

    Nerve: Posterior rami

    Term

    What is the name of this group of deep back muscles?

     

    What are its characteristics?

     

    What muscles makes up this group of deep back muscles?

     

    [image]

     

     

    Definition

    Transversospinal group

     

    - Small

    - Found between vertebrae

     

    -Semispinalis

    -Multifidus

    -Rotatores

    Term

    What are the 3 parts of the semispinalis?

     

     [image]

     

    [image]

    Definition

    1) Capitis (head)

    2) Cervicis (cervical vertebrae)

    3) Thoracis (thoracic vertebrae)

    Term

    Origin?

    Insertion?

    Action?

    Nerve?

     

    [image]

     

    [image]

    Definition

    Origin: transverse process of C4-T12

    Insertion: spinous process of C & T vertebrae & occipital bone

    Action: Extends spine & head

    Contralateral rotation of spine & head

    Nerve: Posterior rami

    Term

    What deep back muscle is this?

     

    What are its characteristics?

     

    [image]

    Definition

    Multifidus

     

    -Big in lumbar region

    -Span 2-4 vertebrae

    Term

    Origin?

    Instertion?

    Action?

    Nerve?

     

    [image]

    Definition

    Origin: Tendon of erector spinae & arches of vertebrae

    Insertion: Spinous processes

    Action: Extends and stablizes spine

    Contralateral rotation of spine

    Nerve: Posterior rami

    Term

    What deep back muscle is this?

     

    What are its characteristics?

     

    [image]

    Definition

    Rotatores

     

    -Smallest of the group

    -Spans 1-2 vertebrae

    Term

    Origin?

    Instertion?

    Action?

    Nerve?

     

    [image]

    Definition

    Origin: Transverse process

    Instertion: Spinous process

    Action: extends and stabilizes spine.

    Contralateral rotation of spine

    Nerve: Posterior rami

    Term

    What are the names of these surfaces on the scapula?

     

    [image]

    Definition

    1) Supraspinous fossa

    2) Acromion process

    3) Glenoid fossa

    4) Infraspinous fossa

    5) Spine

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