Term
| How many layers in corneal epithelium |
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Definition
|
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Term
| how may layers in corneal endothelium |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are good reasons to test corneal sensitivty? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What innervates the cornea? |
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Definition
| CN V1 --> long posterior ciliary nerve |
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Term
| What is the cornea's main food |
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Definition
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Term
| Wha type of glucose transporter provides glucose to the cornea? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between ATP yield % vs glucose pathway %? |
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Definition
| Even though more glucose goes through anaerobic pathways, the higher yield of aerobic pathways provides the majority of the ATP |
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Term
| what % of glucose comes from AH? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| found in all basement membranes |
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Term
| Where is type 2 collagen found? |
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Definition
| In cartilage, vitreous, BV, it is most abundant |
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Term
| Where is type 1 collagen found? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Reese Buckler Corneal Dystrophy? |
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Definition
| A problem with Bowman's Layer |
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Term
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Definition
| Lubrication, Hydration, Migration |
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Term
| What are the common suffixes of proteoglycans? |
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Definition
| lumiCAN, keratoCAN, mimeCAN |
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Term
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Definition
| Matrix Metalloproteinases; family of Zn dependent enzymes, only MMP2 is found in healthy cornea. |
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Term
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Definition
| Balances extracellular matrix especially in stroma |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| In the stroma to balance MMP2 |
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Term
| What is the difference between degeneration and dystrophy of the cornea |
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Definition
| Degradation = age; dystrophy = bilateral, younger, genetic, no systemic cause |
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Term
| What problem can occur regarding Descemet's membrane with corneal swelling? |
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Definition
| Vogt's Striae, a wrinkling of Descemet's membrane. |
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Term
| Fuchs' Dystrophy is a degeneration of what part of the cornea? |
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Definition
| Endothelium, resulting in corneal edema. |
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Term
| Between Aquaporin 1 and Aquaporin 5, which one will you find in the epithelium vs the endothelium? |
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Definition
Aquaporin 5 = Epithelium
Aquaporin 1 = Endothelium |
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Term
| When is the only time you will find Type I collagen in the endothelium? |
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Definition
| After injury, fibroblastic cells express this. Normal corneal endothelium has no Type I collagen. |
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Term
| What are the two theories to corneal transparency? Who made them up and which one are we siding with? |
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Definition
Maurice = destructive interference, thin cornea also helps
Smith = small size fibriles
We're siding with both. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What can cause edematous cornea to lose transparency? |
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Definition
| regions of disrupted fibril distribution |
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Term
| Stem cells along limbus facilitate what? |
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Definition
| Fast healing of the epithelium |
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Term
| What is the main type of cell in the corneal stroma? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What can keratocytes in the cornea do? |
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Definition
| Turn into fibroblasts, which can then turn into myofibroblasts |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Do myofibroblasts stay after wound healing? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What do myofibroblasts do? |
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Definition
| Produce contractile fibers that close wound |
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Term
| What side effects can myofibrils cause after healing a wound? |
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Definition
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Term
| Low levels of immunal activity helps maintain what? |
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Definition
| Clarity. Immune rxn's would release WBC into AH, etc. |
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Term
| What is the master regulator of immune response in the eye? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is a Hudson-Stahli line? |
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Definition
| Iron deposit after age 50 |
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Term
| What is a Kayser-Fleischer Ring? |
|
Definition
| A copper ring in the cornea periphery associated w/ Wilson dx |
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Term
| What is a Fleischer ring? |
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Definition
| Iron around an abnormal cone, keratoconus |
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Term
| What are a few tear film anti-oxidants? |
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Definition
| Mucins, superoxide dismutase, ascorbic acid, glutathione |
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Term
| What is the most common glaucoma in US? |
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Definition
| Open angle, more prevalent in blacks |
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Term
| What are the major reasons for the blood-aqueous barrier? |
|
Definition
| Tight junctions between NPE cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| Continuous cytoplasm of matrixed epithelial cells connected by gap junctions |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| What is the major driving force of AH production?> |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What helps water leave the NPE to form AH? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What does glutathione do? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stabilizes concentration gradient |
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Term
| What concentration is inositol found in? |
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Definition
| 10x higher in AH than blood plasma |
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Term
| How does CO2 leave the eye? |
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Definition
| Through the cornea --> atmosphere |
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Term
| How much CO2 comes from the lens? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Most common time to see cells and flare? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most important protein in the AH? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens to lysozyme production in AH during inflammation? |
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Definition
| Concentration goes up 10 fold |
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Term
| What can cause iris neovascularization |
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Definition
| diabetes, Graves, Dry Eye (odd) |
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Term
| How much O2 is in AH vs plasma |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How much ascorbate is in AH? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What kind of strain is induced in the eye by high mechanical stress? |
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Definition
| death of the nerve fiber layer |
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Term
| What sleep related substance MAY have an impact on IOP? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Is it better to have a thick or thin cornea? |
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Definition
| Thick is more stabile IOP |
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Term
| What drug reduces IOP by targeting the Cl-/HCO3- antiport |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Alpha 2 receptors are found where? |
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Definition
| In presynaptic cleft, so they inhibit AH |
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Term
| What is NOT the first choice for acute angle closure? |
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Definition
| PG drugs because they are slow acting |
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Term
| What is a contraindication for PG use in the eye? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Linked to open angle glaucoma after genetic mutation |
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Term
|
Definition
| Gene associated with glaucoma |
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|
Term
| What do glucocorticoids do to the trabecular meshwork? |
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Definition
| Target the expression of genes in the TIM, reorganize actin cytoskeleton, which raises IOP |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Most abundant Polar lipid |
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Definition
| phosphatidyl choline/ethanolamine |
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|
Term
| What accessory glands are more abundant |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Ab are most abundant? |
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Definition
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Term
| What tearfilm proteins are antifungal |
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Definition
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Term
| Growth Factors are important for what process? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What helps up mucin layer production |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| membrane associated mucins |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What causes mucin dysfunction |
|
Definition
| Avitaminosis A, conj destruction |
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|
Term
| What can cause mucin excess |
|
Definition
| hyperthyroidism, allergies |
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Term
| What stimulates tear secretion |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Name a Potential Space in the Eye |
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Definition
| Between the supraciliaris and the sclera |
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Term
| What is the anterior surface of the iris? |
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Definition
| The anterior border layer, NOT the anterior epithelium |
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|
Term
| What kind of cell is found in the iris stroma, but not the Anterior Border layer |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What gives the posterior iris epithelium color? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| the outer pigmented epithelium of the ciliary body |
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