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Anatomy Chapter 6
Exam 3
44
Medical
Not Applicable
05/09/2008

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Term
Apocrine gland
Definition
type of gland whose secretions contain parts of secretory cells
Term
Arector pili muscle
Definition
smooth muscle in skin associated with a hair follicle
Term
Basement membrane
Definition
layer of extracellular matrix that anchors epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue
Term
Collagen
Definition
protein in connective tissue and in bone matrix
Term
Cutaneous
Definition
pertaining to the skin
Term
Dermis
Definition
thick layer of the skin beneath the epidermis
Term
Eccrine
Definition
sweat gland that maintains body temperature
Term
Epidermis
Definition
outer epithelial layer of the skin
Term
Hair follicle
Definition
tubelike depression in the skin in which a hair develops
Term
Integumentary system
Definition
the skin and accessory organs
Term
Keratin
Definition
protein in epidermis, hair and nails
Term
Keratinization
Definition
process by which cells from fibrils of keratin and harden
Term
Melanin
Definition
dark pigment normally found in skin and hair
Term
Melanocytes
Definition
melanin-producing cell
Term
Sebaceous gland
Definition
skin gland that secretes sebum
Term
Subcutaneous
Definition
beneath the skin
Term
Sweat (sudoriferous) gland
Definition
exocrine gland in skin that secretes a mixture of water, salt, urea and other bodily wastes
Term
The epidermis is composed of...
Definition
stratified squamous epithelial tissues
Term
The outermost layer of the epidermis is composed of ______; the bottom layer is composed of ________
Definition
dead cells; living cells
Term
The epidermis lacks....
Definition
blood vessels
Term
The deepest layer of the epidermis is the ________
Definition
stratum basale
Term
The stratum basale contains______. These cells are nourished by_________.
Definition
cells undergoing mitosis; dermal blood vessels
Term
_____cells undergo keratinization as they mature and are pushed______the surface. This outermost layer is called the ______
Definition
epidermal; stratum corneum
Term
During keratinization they _____ develops strands of a tough, fibrous, waterproof protein called _____and the cells die. This takes about two weeks.
Definition
cytoplasm; keratin
Term
_______ produce the skin pigment melanin. Melanin protects underlying cells from the effects of ultraviolet light.
Definition
Melanocytes
Term
Oxygen _____blood in _____ vessels has a darker color and gives the skin a bluish color known as _____.
Definition
depleted; dermal; cyanosis
Term
Dermis (slide)
Definition
thick inner layer of the skin, composed mainly of fibrous connective tissue, living throughout its thickness, blood vessels supply nutrients to the skin cells and aids in regulating the body temperature
Term
Constant pressure against the bed causes __________.
Definition
decubitus ulcers
Term
Subcutaneous layer is also called the _________. It is composed of _____and _____tissue and lies beneah the dermis
Definition
hypodermis; connective; adipose
Term
Adipose tissue helps ___________ and _________energy.
Definition
conserve body heat; store
Term
Adipose tissue helps ___________ and _________energy.
Definition
conserve body heat; store
Term
Functions of the skin include....
Definition
protection, body temp regulation, water loss reduction, houses sensory receptors, synthesizes chemicals (vitamin d), and excretion of wastes
Term
Hair is composed of dead _______cells
Definition
epidermal
Term
The visible part of the hair is called the ________
Definition
shaft
Term
Arrector pili muscle
Definition
A bundle of smooth muscle cells attached to each hair follicle contracts to straighten and raise the hair follicle, resulting in piloerection (goosebumps). Nerve impulses are stimulated when a person is cold or emotionally upset.
Term
Sebaceous glands secrete_______ which keeps the skin and hair soft, pliable, and waterproof. It is composed of fatty material and cellular debris. Sebaceous glands are bsent from the ______and ________
Definition
sebum; palms of the hands; soles of the feet
Term
Nails are produced by _____ that undergo ______. The ____ of the nails is harder than that produced by epidermal cells of the skin.
Definition
epidermal cells; keratinization; keratin
Term
Sweat Glands
Definition
Sudoriferous
Term
Two types of sweat glands
Definition
eccrine; apocrine (each consist of a coiled tube)
Term
Eccrine glands respond to an _______ body temp,__________, or ________. When the body temp rises the ____ ___ ____ dilate and ______ glands secrete sweat. If temp drops the dermal blood vessels ____ and sweat glands become inactive.
Definition
environmental heat; physical exercise; dermal blood vessels; sudoriferous; constrict
Term
When heat is lost excessively, the _______ muscles are stimulated to _______ involuntarily. Shivering increases heat production.
Definition
skeletal; contract
Term
When heat is lost excessively, the _______ muscles are stimulated to _______ involuntarily. Shivering increases heat production.
Definition
skeletal; contract
Term
Apocrine sweat glands respond to _____. These glands are located in the _____ and _____.
Definition
emotion stress; groin; armpits
Term
Inflammation is _____ of blood vessels in affected tissues.
Definition
dilated
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