Term
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Definition
| heart, blood vessels and blood |
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Term
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Definition
| Heart, arteries, vein and capillaries |
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Term
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Definition
| Right side of heart: carries blood to lungs for gas exchange |
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Term
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Definition
| Left side of heart: Supplies blood to all organs of the body |
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Term
| What occurs when ventricles relax? |
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Definition
1. pressure drops
2. Semilunar valves close
3. AV valves open
4. Blood flows from atria to ventricles |
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Term
| What occurs when ventricles contract? |
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Definition
1. AV valves close
2. pressure rises
3. Semilunar valves open
4. Blood flows into great vessels |
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Term
| Which vessel supplies 2/3 of blood supply to heart? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which vessel supplies 1/3 of blood supply to heart? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Partial obstruction of coronary blood flow, causes pain in chest |
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Term
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Definition
| Heart attack, caused by death of myocardial cells, due to lack of oxygen |
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Term
| Which vessels drain into the coronary sinus? |
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Definition
| great cardiac vein, middle cardiac vein and left marginal vein |
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Term
| Describe sympathetic nerve supply to heart |
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Definition
| Upper thoracic spinal cord, to sympathetic chain, to cardiac nerves. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
right vagal to SA node
Left vagal to AV node |
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Term
| parasympathetic heart beat |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| initiates heartbeat, sets heart rate |
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Term
| Fibrous Skeleton function |
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Definition
| insulates atria from ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| electrical gateway to ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| pathway for signals from AV node to bundle branches |
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Term
| Define L/R bundle branches |
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Definition
| divisions of AV bundle into interventricular septum |
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Term
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Definition
| travel from apex through ventricular myocardium |
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Term
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Definition
| gap junction in cardiac muscle that allow ions to flow |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where does ventricular systole begin? |
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Definition
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Term
| SA action potential threshold |
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Definition
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Term
| Which channels open during SA node depolarization? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which channels open during SA node repolarization? |
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Definition
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Term
| When do K+ channels close in SA node? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the resting potential of SA node? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the resting potential of myocytes? |
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Definition
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Term
| List 5 steps of a myocyte action potential |
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Definition
1. Na+ gates open
2. rapid depolarization
3. Na+ gates close
4. Slow Ca2+ channels open
5. Ca2+ channels close, K+ channels open |
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Term
|
Definition
1. SA node fires
2. atrial depolarization and systole |
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Term
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Definition
1. ventricular depolarization
2. atrial repolarization and diastole |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| ventricular repolarization |
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Term
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Definition
| one full contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| region of spontaneous firing (not SA node) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is a premature ventricular contraction caused by? |
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Definition
| hypoxia, electrolyte imbalance, stimulants, stress |
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Term
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Definition
| listening to sounds made by body |
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Term
| What happens during the Quiescent Period? |
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Definition
1. All chambers are relaxed
2. AV valves open
3. Blood flows into ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
1. SA node fires (atria depolarize)
2. P wave on ECG
3. Atria contract, force blood into ventricles
4. ventricles contain EDV |
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Term
| Isovolumetric Contraction of Ventricles |
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Definition
1. Atria repolarize and relax
2. Ventricles depolarize
3. QRS complex on ECG
4. Ventricles contract
5, AV valves close (S1) |
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Term
| Steps of Ventricular Ejection |
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Definition
1. Semilunar valves open
2. Rapid ejection of blood, then reduced
3. Stroke Volume (70mL at rest)
4. SV/EDV= ejection fraction
5. EDV-amount left in heart after ejection |
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|
Term
What are the ejection fractions:
-normal
-vigorous exercise
-diseased heart |
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Definition
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Term
| Isovolumetric relaxation of ventricles |
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Definition
1. T wave on ECG
2. Ventricles repolarize and relax
3. Semilunar valves close (S2) AV stay closed
4. Ventricles expand, do not fill |
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Term
| 3 phases of ventricular filling |
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Definition
1. Rapid ventricular filling (AV valves first open)
2. Diastasis (low pressure, venous return)
3. Atrial systole (filling completed) |
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Term
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Definition
| End Diastolic Volume: Amount of blood in ventricles after ventricular diastole |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of blood in ventricles at the end of ventricular Systole |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of blood in ventricles at the end of ventricular Systole |
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Term
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Definition
| The amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle during a single beat (SV= EDV-ESV) |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of blood ejected by ventricle in 1 minute (CO=HRxSV) |
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Term
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Definition
| difference between a person's maximum and resting cardiac output |
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Term
| Tachycardia: definition and causes |
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Definition
| HR about 100, stress, anxiety, drugs, heart disease, increase body temp. |
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Term
| Bradycardia: Definition and causes |
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Definition
| HR below 60, sleep and endurance trained athletes |
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Term
| Cardiac Center of Medulla Oblongata |
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Definition
| autonomic control center with cardioacceleratory(sympathetic) and cardioinhibitory (para) neuronal pools |
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Term
| What does the cardioacceleratory center stimulate? |
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Definition
| SA node, AV node and myocardium |
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Term
| What hormone do Sympathetic nerves release to heart? What does it bind to? |
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Definition
| norepinephrine, which binds to beta-adrenergic receptors in heart. |
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Term
| What does the cardioinhibitory center stimulate? Which hormone is secreted? |
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Definition
Right and Left vagus nerves
right-SA node
left-AV node
ACH, which binds to muscarinic receptors |
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Term
| What kind of imputs are there to the cardiac center? |
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Definition
1.higher brain centers )cerebral cortex, limbic system and hypothalamus)
2. proprioceptors
3. baroreceptors
4. chemoreceptors |
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