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Analgesic Agents
Exam 2-Vallerand/Falahee
72
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 3
10/08/2009

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Cards

Term
Nonopiod Analgesics
Definition
Work in the periphery and affect prostaglandin synthesis
Term
Opioid Analgesics
Definition
Work in the central nervous system and bind to the mu, kappa, and delta receptors
Term
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
Definition
T: Antipyretic, nonopiod analgesics
Ind: mild pain. fever
Act: inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, no significant anti-inflammatory properties or GI toxicity
ADRs: hepatic failure, hepatoxicity
Term
Cyclooxygenase inhibitors (COX 1)
Definition
Present in all tissues, protects gastric mucosa, supports renal function, promotes platelet aggregation (GOOD)
Term
Cyclooxygenase inhibitors (COX 2)
Definition
At site of tissue injury and brain. Mediates inflammation, pain, fever response (BAD)
Term
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA)
Definition
T: antipyretics, nonopioid analgesics
P: salicylates
Ind: inflammatory disorders, mild to moderate pain, prophylaxis of transient ischemic attacks and MI
ADRs: dyspepsia, epigastric distress, nausea, naphylaxis, alaryngeal edema,
Term
ibuprofen (Advil, Nuprin) *
Definition
T: antipyretics, antirheumatics, nonopioid analgesics,
P: nonopioid analgesics
Ind: mild to modeate pain or dysmenorrhea, inflammatory disorders
Action: inhibits prostaglandin synthesis
ADRs: headache, constipation, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, anaphylaxis
Term
naproxen (Anaprox, Aleve)
Definition
T: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, antipyretics
P: nonopioid analgesics
Term
ketoprofen (Orudis)
Definition
T: antipyretics, antirheumatics, nonopioid analgesics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents
P: nonopioid analgesics
Term
indomethacin (Indocin)
Definition
T: antirheumatics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents
Term
nabumetone (Relafen)
Definition
T: antirheumatics
P: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents
Term
oxaprozin (Daypro)
Definition
T: antirheumaticsm nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents
Term
diclofenac (Voltaren, Cataflam)
Definition
T: T: nonopioid analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents
Term
etodolac (Lodine)
Definition
T:antirheumatics, nonopioid analgesics
P: pyranocarboxylic acid
Term
ketorolac (Toradol)
Definition
T: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, nonopioid analgesics
P: pyrroziline carboxylic acid
Term
Adjuvants
Definition
enhance efficacy of other agents, add analgesia, treat concurrent symptoms
Term
propoxyphene (Darvocet, Darvon)
Definition
T: opioid analgesics
P: opioid agonists, opioid agonists/nonopioid analgesic combinations
Term
codeine
Definition
T: allergy, cold, and cough remedies, antitussives, opioid analgesics
P: opioid agonists
Term
hydrocodone (Vicodin, Lorcet, Norco)*
Definition
T: allergy, cold, and cough remedies, opioid analgesics
P: opioid agonists/nonopioid analgesic combinationsin combination with nonopioid analgesics (aceta/asp/ibu) managing moderate to severe pain
Act: binds to opiate receptors in CNS
ADRs: confusion, dizziness, sedation, hypotension, constipation, dyspepsia, nausea
Ind:
Term
oxycodone (Percocet)
Definition
T: opioid analgesics
P: opioid agonists, opioid agonists/nonopioid analgesic combinations
Term
tramadol (Ultram)*
Definition
T: analgesics (centrally acting)

Ind: moderate to severe pain
Act: binds to mu opioid receptors, inhibits reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine in the CNS
ADRs: seizures, dizziness, headache, somnolence, constipation, nausea
Term
Tapentatol (Nucynta)
Definition
Brand new, not needed for test, but...
Term
morphine (MS Contin, Avinza)*
Definition
T: opioid analgesic
P: opioid agonists
Ind: severe pain, pilmonary edema, associated with MI
Act: binds to opiate receptors in the CNS,
ADRs: confusion, sedation, hypotension, constipation, respiratory depression
Term
hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
Definition
T: allergy, cold, cough remedies, opioid analgesics
P: opioid agonists
Ind: moderate to severe pain
Act: binds to opiate receptors in the CNS
ADRs: confusion, sedation, hypotension, constipation
Term
oxycodone (Roxicodone, OxyContin)
Definition
T: opioid analgesics
P: opioid agonists, opioid agonists/nonopioid analgesic combinations
Term
fentanyl (Sublimaze, Duragesic)
Definition
T: opioid analgesics
P: opioid agonists
Term
oxymorphone (Opana)
Definition
T: opioid analgesics
P: opioid agonists
Term
meperidine (Demerol)
Definition
T: opioid analgesics
P: opioid agonists
Term
pentazocine (Talwin)
Definition
T: opioid analgesics
P:opioid agonists/antagonists
Term
butorphanol (Stadol)
Definition
T: opioid analgesics
P: opioid agonists/antagonists
Term
nalbuphine (Nubain)
Definition
T: opioid analgesics
P: opioid agonists/analgesics
Term
buprenorphine (Buprenex
Definition
T: opioid analgesics
P: opioid agonists/antagonists
Term
methadone
Definition
T: opioid analgesics
P: opioid agonists
Term
fentanyl (Actiq)
Definition
raspberry flavored
T: opioid analgesics
P: opioid agonists
Term
fentanyl buccal (Fentora)
Definition
T: opioid analgesics
P: opioid agonists
Term
fentanyl buccal soluble film (Onsolis)
Definition
T: opioid analgesics
P: opioid agonists
Term
opioid-induced side effects
Definition
constipation, nausea/vomiting, sedation, respiratory depression
Term
methylnaltrexone (Relistor)
Definition
T:
Term
naloxone (Narcan)
Definition
T: antidotes (for opioids)
P: opioid antagonists
Term
procaine (Novocain)
Definition
T: anesthetics
Term
lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Definition
T: anesthetics-topical/locall, antiarrhythmics
Term
bupivicaine (Marcaine, Sensorcaine)
Definition
T: anesthetics
Term
ropivicaine (Naropin)
Definition
T:anesthetics
Term
cocaine
Definition
T: anesthetics
Term
propofol (Diprivan)*
Definition
T: general anesthetics
Ind: induction of general anesthesia
Act: short-acting hypnotic,
ADRs: apnea, bradycardia, hypotension, burning, pain, stinging
Term
ketamine
Definition
T:
Term
diazepam
Definition
T: antianxiety agents, sedative/hypnotics, muscle relaxants
P: benzodiazepines
Term
thiopental
Definition
T:
Term
sumatriptan (Imitrex)*
Definition
T: vasculat headache suppressants
P: 5-HT, agonists
Ind: acute treatment of migraine attacks
Acts: selective agonist of 5-HT specific vascular serotonin receptor sites, causing vasoconstriction in large intracranial arteries
ADRs: dizziness, vertigo, tingling, warm sensation, injection site reaction
Term
almotriptan (Axert)
Definition
T:vascular headache suppressants
P: 5-HT, agonists
Term
eletriptan (Relpax)
Definition
T: vascular headache suppressants
P: 5-HT, agonists
Term
frovatriptan (Frova)
Definition
T: vascular headache suppressants
P: 5-HT, agonists
Term
naratriptan (Amerge)
Definition
T: vascular headache suppressants
P: 5-HT, agonists
Term
rizatriptan (Maxalt, Maxalt MLT)
Definition
T: vascular headache suppressants
P: 5-HT, agonists
Term
zolmitriptan (Zomig, Zomig ZMT)
Definition
T: vascular headache suppressants
P: 5-HT, agonists
Term
dexamethasone (Decadron)
Definition
T: antiasthmatics, corticosteroids
P: corticosteroids (systemic)
Term
prednisone (Deltasone)
Definition
T: antiasthmatics, corticosteroids
P: corticosteroids (systemic)
Term
traiamcinolone (Aristocort)
Definition
T:antiasthmatics, corticosteroids
P: corticosteroids (systemic)
Term
methotrexate (Rheumatrex)*
Definition
T: antineoplastics, antirheumatics, immunosuppressants,
P: antimetabolites

Ind: rheummatoid arthritis
Act: interferes with folic acid metabolism
Term
hydroxychloriquine (Plaquenil)
Definition
T: antimalarials, antirheumatics
Term
sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
Definition
T: antirheumatics, anti-inflammatories
Ind: rheumatoid arthritis
Act: locally acting anti-inflammatory action
Term
etanercept (Enbrel)*
Definition
T: antirheumatics
P: anti-TNF agents
Ind: decrease progression, signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis,
Act: binds to tuumor necrosis factor making it inactive(TNF is a mediator of inflammatory response)
ADRs: headache, rhinitis, upper respiratory tract infection, injection site reactions
Term
infliximab (Remicade)
Definition
T: antirheumatics
P: monoclonal antibodies
Term
adalimumab (Humira)
Definition
T: antirheumatics
P: DMARDs, monoclonal antibodies
Term
anakinra (Kinert)
Definition
T: antirheumatics (DMARD)
P: interleukin antagonists
Term
leflunomide (Arava)
Definition
T: antirheumatics (DMARDs)
P; immune response modifiers
Term
pregabalin (Lyrica)
Definition
T: analgesics, anticonvulsants, nonopioid analgesics, GABA analogues
Term
duloxetine (Cymbalta)
Definition
T: antidepressants
P: selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SSNRIs)
Ind: major depressive disorders, fibromyalgia
Term
milnicipran (Savella)
Definition
T:
Term
allopurinol (Zyloprim)
Definition
T:antigout agents, antihyperuricemics
P: xanthine oxidase inhibitors
Term
probenecid (Benemid)
Definition
T: antigout agents, uricosurics
Term
sulfinpyrazone (Anturane)
Definition
T:
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