Term
|
Definition
| Thomas Cole, The Savage State, 1836, sublime, nature as untouched by man, romanticized, "primitive" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thomas Cole, The Pastoral State, 1836, first refinements, development of science/learning, land and nature balanced |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thomas Cole, The Consummation of Empire, 1836, excess, wealth, opulence, man over nature |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thomas Cole, Destruction, 1836, the excess of man, living beyond God, hedonism, cyclical nature - inevitability of the fall, sublimity (again) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thomas Cole, Desolation, 1836, nature reclaiming man's territory, cycle, return to beautiful |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thomas Cole, View from Mount Holyoke, Northampton, Massachusetts, after a Thunderstorm - The Oxbow, 1836, proper course of man as domesticating land, living on it, civilizing it w/o excess, progress, manifest destiny, picturesque w/ some sublime, national landscape, America as proper conqueror |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Frederic Edwin Church, Twilight in the Wilderness, 1860, eve of the Civil War, twilight for America?, eagle, remember our common land, red of blood, American flag |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| George Bellows, New York, 1911, landscape as becoming cityscape, sublime, multitude of people/colors, words as representing city life, working city, efficiency, raw nature of life, energetic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| JT Zealy, Columbia, South Carolina, 1850, Louis Agassiz daguerreotypes, body as type, photograph as presenting objectivity, representational colonialism, denies the subject personhood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tseng Kwong Chi, Disneyland, 1979, questioning citizenship, depiction of foreign/"the other", monolithic American culture, individuality versus group identity, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vogue Cover, Annie Liebowitz, Lebron and Giselle, 2008, reminiscent of the image of King Kong, racial stereotyping, black men as powerful, fears of miscegenation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Zhang Hongtu, McDonald's, 2002, juxtaposition of traditional Chinese culture with the growing transnational culture of McDonald's, cultural imperialism, globalization, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| iona ronzeal brown, a3 blackface #59, 2004, cultural connections/interactions, traditions, countering stereotypes, identity, ganguro, Japanese appropriation of the hip-hop culture |
|
|
Term
| Bruce Springsteen, Youngstown |
|
Definition
| 1995, lyrics could almost be celebration - mills that built America's war effort, but the music is clearly a dirge, focused on how the mill abandoned Youngstown, based on photo essay, America's promise snatched from working people, role of corporations, echo of Grapes of Wrath, Woodie Guthrie (Tom Joad), One Big Soul (we're all in this together) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Howlin' Wolf, 1961, sonic echo of Jim Crow violence, cannot find home, comes running back while going nowhere, musically nullified, personal history of violence, claiming identity and invisibility, migration narrative, sonic/physical violence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Francis Scott Key, 1814, performance of nationalism/citizenship, cultural identity, national sentiment, multilocal, things only defined in opposition to national sentiment, cultural politics, all music as political but also with its own space
|
|
|
Term
| Lift Every Voice and Sing (the Negro National Anthem) |
|
Definition
1900, written in memory of Lincoln, mainstream, correct sound, speaks to hope and faith and shared ideal, but adheres to same forces that contributed to segregation (European tradition), utopian impulse of song (lyrics) has dystopian counterpart of music (music – proper but not congruent), parallels DuBois in not denying American project but trying to make it inclusive of difference
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Woodie Guthrie, 1940, direct response to Berlin's "God Bless America", criticizes nationalistic/exceptionalist narrative of the American project, of a God-blessed land, argues that the land is for and of Americans, arguing for American worker, response to mindless patriotism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nina Simone, 1964, show tune but the show hasn't been written yet, unleashes anger on the Mississippi Goddam, equality not coexistence, lost trust, "too slow", everybody knows - but no one's taking action |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Leonard Bernstein/Stephen Sondheim, West Side Story, 1957, American message, latent racism, "Latin" music |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Who, 1971, tension of constancy/pattern/continuity against the shout, counterculturalism, musically revolts, but lyrically questions the revolution - is change possible?, does anything actually change? |
|
|
