Term
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Definition
| herteropolymers of amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
40% skeletal
25% body organs
remainder in skin/blood |
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Definition
| distribution of body proteins |
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Term
| Human polypeptides and proteins |
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Definition
| Proteins are synthesis of... |
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Term
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Definition
| protein provides sources of N to form |
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Term
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Definition
| protein has this many essential amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| protein makes acetyl coa as fuel from |
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Term
oxidoreductase
transferase
desaturases
elongases |
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Definition
| types of enzymes in proteins |
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Term
| Zn, Fe, Cu, as cofactors or organic molecules like B-vitamins as coenzymes |
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Definition
| enzymes require these minerals |
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Term
growth hormone
insulin
all hormones are not proteins |
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Definition
| hormones in messengers of protein |
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Term
contractile proteins
fibrous proteins
globular proteins |
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Definition
| the structural elements of proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| actin/myosin in cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscles are called |
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Term
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Definition
| collage, elastin, keratin in the bon, teeth, skin, cartlidge, blood, hair, and nails are called |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Y shaped and made of 2 small light chains and 2 large heavy chains |
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Definition
| shaped immunoproteins are |
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Term
| proteins that combine with vitamins, minerals, FAs and other nutrients |
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Definition
| transporter molecules are |
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Term
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Definition
| transports long chain fatty acids in the blood, transports calcium, zinc, vit B6, and tryptophan |
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Term
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Definition
| iron storage and transport |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| regulation of acid base balance |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 7.2 buffered by hemoglobin |
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Definition
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Term
| 6.9 buffered by phosphate system and amino acids in proteins |
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Definition
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Term
attract water to blood
protein concentrations in blood decline, edema sets in |
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Definition
| function of fluid balancers in protein is to |
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Term
enzymes
messengers
structural elements
immunoprotectors
transporter molecules
buffers
fluid balancers
other roles |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| there are_____ genetically coded amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| essential amino acids present in a food in a insufficient amount |
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Term
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Definition
| human cells that aren't able to synthesize 8-9 amino acids |
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Term
AA normally non essential
under special circumstances they must be supplied from diet when the body needs it |
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Definition
| chacteristics of conditional amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| body normally makes tyrosine from |
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Term
| sequence of AAs in polypeptide chain |
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Definition
| primary structure of protein is |
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Term
| number and sequence of amino acids and chemical interactions of the amino acids |
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Definition
| protein secondary structure |
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Term
| coiling of molecules and bonding within molecules |
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Definition
| tertiary structure of protein |
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Term
| involves 2 or more polypeptide chains |
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Definition
| quartenary structure of protin |
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Term
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Definition
| interactions between 2 or more polypeptide chains to form an aggregate is called |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
begins in stomach
peptic cells secrete pepsinogen
G-cells secrete gastrin
parietal cells secrete HCI which denatures protein |
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Definition
| describe protein digestion |
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Term
acid chyme enters duodnum
secretin and CCK enter bloodstream
sodium bicarbonate buffers acidic chyme |
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Definition
| describe protein digestion in small intestine |
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Term
absorption may be in form of tripeptides
max absorption goes to upper end of small intestine
2/3 of digested protein is absorbed as small peptide molecules |
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Definition
| describe AA in peptid absorption in the small intstine |
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Term
absorption may be in form of tripeptides
max absorption goes to upper end of small intestine
2/3 of digested protein is absorbed as small peptide molecules |
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Definition
| describe AA in peptid absorption in the small intstine |
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Term
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Definition
| peptides are absorbed_____then amino acids |
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Term
| amino acids require transporters to enter entrocyte |
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Definition
| describe AA absorption in the small intestine |
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Term
energy dependent
some transporters require sodium
AA transporters are specific for certain types of AA
competition among similar AA for absorption |
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Definition
| characteristics of transporters in entrocyts |
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Term
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Definition
| the entrocyte for peptide absorption uses this system |
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Term
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Definition
| tryptophan is a precursor to |
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Term
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Definition
| these levels decline with age |
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Term
| B vitamin made from the EAA tryptophan |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| how many mg of tryptophan is needed to make one mg of niacin |
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Term
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Definition
| to synthesize B vitamin this coenzyme is required |
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Term
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Definition
| this causes you to fall asleep quick |
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Term
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Definition
| first step of synthesis of nonessential amino acids or amino degragation |
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Term
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Definition
| transfer of amino group from many amino acids to keto acid acceptors |
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Term
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Definition
| amino acid loses amino group---becomes alpha keto acid--- and alpha keto acid gains amino group---becomes amino acid |
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Term
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Definition
| catalyzed by aminotransferaseses; requires vit B6 as a coenzyme |
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Term
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Definition
| this process can feed into the TCA cycle |
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Term
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Definition
| amino groups from most AA's can be added to alpha keto acids to yield |
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Term
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Definition
| amino group transferred to pyruvate or AKG form alanine or glutamatic to form |
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Term
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Definition
| excess amino groups can be deaminatd and made into urea in liver---excreted in urine to make |
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Term
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Definition
| amino acids w/o amino group |
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Term
pyruvate
Acetyl CoA
intermediates of the TCA cycle
acetoacetate |
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Definition
| carbon skeletons are degraded to these end products |
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Term
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Definition
| glucogenic skeletons make |
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Term
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Definition
| ketogenic amino acids form |
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Term
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Definition
| removal of an amino group with no direct transfer to another compound |
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Term
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Definition
| ammonia is converted to urea for excretion process |
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Term
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Definition
| process when amino grop and H is removed |
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Term
oxidized in tca cycle
used for gluconeogenesis
converted to fatty acid |
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Definition
| remaining carbon skeletons in this deamination process |
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Term
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Definition
| this process form ammonia |
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Term
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Definition
| deaminated amino acids make |
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Term
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Definition
| major/critical function of liver is synthesis of |
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Term
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Definition
| this process removes ammonia from the body |
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Term
deamination reactions in the body
chesse/processed meats
bacterial degragation
heat production |
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Definition
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