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AMERICAN SOCIETY EXAM VOCAB
Vocabulary from the review
79
Other
9th Grade
01/18/2010

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Term
Philanthropy
Definition

active effort to promote human welfare

ex. andrew carnegie and rockefeller

Term
Social Darwinism
Definition
survival of the fittest
charles darwin and natural selection
hoe herbert spencer explains society
Term
Robber Barrons
Definition
when you pay your employees very low and you sell your product for a lower price than other businesses in the same industry
Term
Horizontal monopolies
Definition
all competition within an industry are bought out or merge into one
Term
Vertical monopolies
Definition
control the process of getting material needed
Term
Capitalism
Definition
private ownership of everything that produces and distributes goods
Term
Socialism
Definition
government produces everything that produces and distributes goods
Term
Laissez Faire
Definition
capitalism
hands free government
Term
Collective Bargaining
Definition
negotiation between representitives of labor and management, to reach written agreements of wages,hours,and working conditions
Term
Strikes
Definition
a work stoppage intended to force an employer to respond to demands
Term
Injunction
Definition
a process requiring people to do a particular act or not to do a particular act
Term
Industrialzation
Definition
develop industries in a country or region on a wide scale
Term
Urbanization
Definition
the growth of cities
Term
Political Machines
Definition
Precint boss-controls a precint and its voters
ward boss-leader of employment agency
City boss-guaranteed success of machine
Term
Patronage
Definition
an officeholder's power to appoint people-usually who have helped hime get elected-to positions in government
Term
Patronage
Definition
an officeholder's power to appoint people-usually who have helped hime get elected-to positions in government
Term
acculturation
Definition
adopting cultural traits of a new place
Term
Assimilation
Definition
acquire social characterisitcs of a group
Term
Tenements
Definition
corwded,uncomfortable, housing wear immigrabts liveed
Term
anti-semitism
Definition
hatred of jews
Term
graft
Definition
the illegal use of politcal influence for personal gain (boss tweed)
Term
tariff
Definition
tax on imported good
Term
bimetallism
Definition
paper money backed with silver and gold in hopes that greenbacks would gain value(silvershoes)
Term
Muckrackers
Definition
journalists who would expose the corrupt side of business and publis life
Term
suffrage
Definition
the right to vote
Term
graduated income tax
Definition
as salaries went up so did the taxes
Term
secret ballot
Definition
no open ballots
privatley voted
Term
recall
Definition
a procedure fir removing aa public official from the office by a vote of the people
Term
lynchings
Definition
deaths of african americans by hanging,burning, shooting, without trial or reason
Term
legal
Definition
right with the law
Term
disenfranchisement
Definition
to deprive a person from the right to citizneship
Term
manifest destiny
Definition
"sea to shining sea"
Term
imperialism
Definition
extending a countries authority over weaker countries
Term
isolationism
Definition
an opposition to political and economic enlargements with other countries
Term
Yellow journalism
Definition
when you make up or exagerate stories in order to sell more papers
Term
arbitration
Definition
a method of settling disputes in which both sides submit their differences to a mutually aprooved judge
Term
mediator
Definition
middle man
Term
propaganda
Definition
communication designed to influence peoples thoughts and actions
Term
underlying causes
Definition
militarism,nationalism,allies,
imperialism
Term
immideiate cause
Definition
the assasination of franz ferdinad and his wife
Term
militarism
Definition
building the strength of military forces
Term
alliances
Definition
countries are on a "team"
Term
nationalism
Definition
devotion to the interests and culture of one's nation
Term
neutrality
Definition
not being on anyones side.
Term
trenches
Definition
a type of warfare
Term
mobilization
Definition
to assemble military forces into readiness f or battle
Term
draft
Definition
required enrollment in army services
Term
espionage
Definition
harsh laws that imposed penalties onanyone who dissagreed with u.s. participation in WW1
Term
rationing
Definition
a restriciton on peoples right to buy unlimited amounts of particular foods and other goodd
Term
armistice
Definition
an agreement, or truce
Term
armistice
Definition
an agreement, or truce
Term
reparations
Definition
the compensation paid by a defeated nation for the damage or injury it inflicted on other countries
Term
flappers
Definition
women who were coming out of their shells-new haircuts, clothes,etc.
Term
anarchism
Definition
no governemnt at all
Term
quota
Definition
the number of people who died in a war
Term
bootlegger
Definition
people who would smuggle alcohol in their boots(prohibition)
Term
speakeasies
Definition
hidden bars(prohibition)
Term
fundementalism
Definition
believed in the bible and its every word
Term
evolution
Definition
change over time
Term
inflation
Definition
substantial rise in the general level of prices related to an increase in the volume of money and resulting in the loss of value of currency
Term
GNP
Definition
gross national product
Term
Sepculation
Definition
buy stocks with chance of quick prfoit
Term
Buying on the Margin
Definition
buying stocks with borrowed money
Term
credit
Definition
an arrangement where a buyer pays later for a purchase
Term
depression
Definition
a time of very bad economic times
Term
recession
Definition
not as bad as depression, but the economy is going bad
Term
deficit spending
Definition
a government spending of more money than it recieves
Term
escapism
Definition
escaping from a bad time. like seeing a movie
Term
scapegoat
Definition
blaming others for what you do
Term
communism
Definition
one party government and state ownership of property
Term
democracy
Definition
a govrnemnt by the people
Term
fascism
Definition
a strong centralized, nationalistic government headed by a dictator
Term
nazism
Definition
germanys form of fascism
Term
totalitarianism
Definition
when the governemnt owns EVERYTHING
Term
appeasment
Definition
to bring to a state of peace
Term
blitzkreig
Definition
lighting warfare
Term
island hopping
Definition
japenese gained islands in order to have navel bases and gto get closer to target lands
Term
kamikazes
Definition
japenese would kill themsleves in order to destroy the enemy
Term
uncondtional surrender
Definition
surrender with no conditions
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