Term
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Definition
-Marquette University
-wants publicity, attention
-"he'd take all the fun out of games because he took it so seriously"
-inspired to run a campaign against communism and spies
-used hit&run tactics ("I have here in my hand..." but he doesn't have time to explain |
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Term
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Definition
-Declaration of Conscience
-first member of senate to denounce Joseph McCarthy, doesn't say his name in speech
-puts out strong images against McCarthy without directly addressing him
-rhetoric of transcendence by going broader ("I speak as a Republican, Senator, woman, American")
-calls out Democrats
-cancer metaphor (implies that cancer = communism, tumors spread) |
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Term
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Definition
-House Un-American Activities Committee
-no connection to Joseph McCarthy
-precursor of our fear of communism
-investigative committee of the House of Representatives |
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Term
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Definition
-Harvard-educated professor
-FDR's team
-he was named as a spy by people who admitted to communism to HUAC
-some believe he was just trying to hide that he was gay
-found guilty of perjury in 1950 |
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Term
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Definition
-notes in Hiss' handwriting, photographs of State Department documents, etc.
-Whittaker Chambers produced these, which indicated that he and Hiss had in fact practiced espionage
-Chambers had previously stated that Hiss was not a spy, so he had to admit under oath that he had committed perjury which hurt his credibility |
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Term
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Definition
-"the last man in the world you would expect to be a spy"
-worked on Manhattan project
-confessed to passing atomic research of US and Britain over to Soviets between 1943 and 1947 |
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Term
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Definition
-incredibly successful columnist/investigator
-McCarthy period |
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Term
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Definition
-headed Senate Subcommittee of Foreign Relations
-investigated McCarthy's statements |
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Term
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Definition
-former Communist
-renounced Communism in 1945
-testified for, then against, Lattimore
-McCarthy praised him for testifying in practically every case |
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Term
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Definition
-accused by McCarthy
-1950 Tydings Committee hearings
-"top Russian espionage agent" in the US
-"one of the top advisers on Far Eastern policy"
-McCarthy puts it all on this case, but he doesn't have enough evidence
-"put up or shut up" moment |
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Term
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Definition
-McCarthy's lawyer and "right hand man"
-helped work for Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations
-accuse Cohn of providing picture of David Schine with Robert Stevens alone during hearings, McCarthy takes main fall due to media and live tv |
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Term
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Definition
-anti-communist propagandist
-consultant on McCarthy's staff
-drafted in the army
-believed Eisenhower did this as retaliation |
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Term
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Definition
-"pinko dentist"
-brought into military
-primary target during Army-McCarthy hearings |
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Term
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Definition
-American Army official
-came to public attention during McCarthy's investigation in 1954
-verbally abused by McCarthy
-worked in Joseph Welch's law firm |
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Term
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Definition
-most respected news anchor
-produced a series of TV news reports that helped lead to the censure of McCarthy
-edited McCarthy to look creepy
-McCarthy knew how to use many media forms well, but not television - he looked scary on it! |
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Term
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Definition
-main lawyer for McCarthy
-well-respected
-Senate Subcommittee on Investigations |
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Term
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Definition
-head lawyer for Army (Army-McCarthy hearings)
-chief Army counsel
-attacks McCarthy directly
-repeatedly calls him "reckless" and "cruel" while calling himself a "gentle man"
-"Have you no sense of decency, sir?"
-"Senator, I think it hurts you too, sir." |
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Term
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Definition
-1962
-confrontation between US, Soviet Union and Cuba during Cold War
-JFK overreacts here because he has failed before (Bay of Pigs invasion)
-resolved in about 30 days |
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Term
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Definition
-1961
-unsuccessful invasion of Cuba with intent to overthrow Fidel Castro
-encouraged by JFK |
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Term
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Definition
-adviser to JFK
-tells him to refer to it as "quarantine" rather than "blockade"
-rhetorically significant
-blockade is war term -- BAD
-quarantine is getting rid of disease -- GOOD |
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Term
| Ways to get out of the war |
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Definition
1.College deferments-Student deferred by law and exempt from draft until they finish college
2. National Guard- most wealthy families attempted to get sons into National Guard. Much more safe than draft.
3. Conscientious objector status-individual declares they are a pacifist based on their thought or religion.
-Some placed in a medical unit instead of infantry, therefore they wouldnt shoot anyone. |
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Term
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Definition
-if one country falls to communism, then they will all fall
-communism is expansionist
-Vietnam is first domino
-North Vietnam is already communist |
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Term
| light at the end of the tunnel |
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Definition
-used to promote optimism
-in 1968 the public realizes we are losing, this no longer works
-Tet Offensive marks the end of this thought! |
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Term
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Definition
-situation incredibly hard to get out of
-Vietnam seen as a quagmire
-sucks up resources and people
-U.S. believes they are invincible and therefore don't pull out |
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Term
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Definition
-we see evidence that things the government is telling us don't add up
-death counts
-Vietcong death counts couldn't possibly be true
-once you start to doubt, you doubt EVERYTHING |
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Term
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Definition
-Nixon believed that this was a huge group
-those who were not protesting made up the majority, and they strongly supported Nixon |
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Term
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Definition
-joint resolution which US Congress passed in 1964
-gave LBJ authorization to use conventional military force in Southeast Asia without formal declaration of war
-LBJ's justification for everything! |
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Term
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Definition
-famous for being too crude (i.e. language in Nervous Nellie speech)
-obsessed with war
-loses sleep, goes into fairly deep depression
-press is stunned when he resigns |
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Term
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Definition
-LBJ
-comparison to highway deaths upsets many
-"nobody wants peace more than I do"
-if you don't support my policy, you are a traitor, a Nervous Nellie, a coward!
-uses southern language. "Cut n run"- another form of being a coward |
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Term
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Definition
-influential pacifist
-Chicago Seven - protest during 1968 DNC
-failed to report for WWII physical despite being drafted |
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Term
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Definition
-ends the "light at the end of the tunnel" mentality
-shocking that Vietcong were so strong
-became clear that war would not end soon
-beginning of credibility gap period
-advance in television showed us the ugly, grim side of war |
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Term
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Definition
-Senator from Minnesota
-does well in NH where Johnson is huge favorite (in 1968)
-leads to LBJ resigning and Bobby Kennedy joining race
-no relation to Joseph! |
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Term
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Definition
-originally did not believe he should run in 1968
-after Tet Offensive and Eugene McCarthy's success, he joins race
-assassinated in June 1968 |
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Term
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Definition
-Vice President in 1964
-Democratic candidate in 1968
-gets late start, doesn't join race until LBJ resigns |
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Term
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Definition
-Secretary of Defense for Nixon from 1969-1972
-attempt to withdraw American troops from Vietnam
-invented term "Vietnamization"- to help equip and train South Vietnamese forces and increasing their combat role while taking U.S troops out.
-tells Nixon that bombings in Cambodia will leak out, but Nixon ignores him |
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Term
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Definition
| -member of Nixon White House |
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Term
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Definition
-one of the most credible people in the Nixon White House
-serves as US National Security Advisor for Nixon
-secret bombing of Cambodia |
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Term
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Definition
| -radical extremists, then become more moderate (i.e. Bobby Kennedy, MLK) |
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Term
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Definition
| -support war, in favor of the way it is being run |
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Term
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Definition
-weakest speaker of the 3 brothers
-flat, not dynamic speeches
-first major speech opposing Bush's handling of the war
-"trial balloon" (tests a new idea/policy to gauge public reaction)
-very liberal and established in his career
-uses loaded language |
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Term
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Definition
-devil term from World War II
-refers to Munich Council's decision to give Hitler land in Czechoslovakia, which led to him invading Poland |
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Term
| Reasons why McCarthy becomes powerful (5) |
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Definition
1. public opinion supports what he is saying, we already believe Communists are dangerous
2. he is believed to be invincible
3. the Senate is reluctant to punish him - civility rules
4. he abuses evidence, but is not caught
5. he understands the press's excitement over sensationalism |
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Term
| Reasons why McCarthy loses power (3) |
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Definition
1. the Army-McCarthy hearings are visually damaging to him
2. public opinion changes
3. the Senate punishes him by Senate rules, the Censure |
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Term
| pre-McCarthy anti-communist era (1945-1950) |
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Definition
a. Alger Hiss case
b. HUAC investigation of Hollywood - the blacklist era
c. the fall of China
d. the Soviets get the bomb
e. Korean War begins
f. Klaus Fuchs arrested in London |
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Term
| International Crisis Genre |
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Definition
1. must be defined by the President as a crisis
2. says the action is for the good of the country - the problem becomes a moral problem, a battle of good and evil, the future of the free world is at stake
3. there must be an outside evil force threatening the country
4. the evil force must have an evil leader - quote the evil leader to prove how evil he is
5. the President must tie his actions to questions of American character - we must bear any burden - pay any price
6. the country must unite against the evil, we must "rally round the flag"
7. we must redefine terms - war is peace, peace is war, etc. |
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Term
| consequences of crisis genre |
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Definition
-panic
-obsessive heightened awareness to news
-closes down debate
-possibilities for huge failure (once you've declared it, you must fix it)
-difficult to coexist with nations after using devil terms to describe them
-can work to advantage in election cycle (i.e. Bush) |
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Term
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Definition
-strongly New Dealish cartoonist for Washington Post
-first used term "McCarthyism" in a cartoon harassing Republicans |
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Term
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Definition
| -according to McCarthy, most dangerous Communist of all -"pompous diplomat in striped pants, with a phony British accent" -came under heavy attack for his defense of State Dept. employees like Alger Hiss -Us Secretary of State |
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Term
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Definition
-Soviet Foreign Minister
-huge role in Cuban Missile Crisis
-Soviet ambassador to United States
-quoted by Kennedy |
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Term
| Nixon's options in Vietnam |
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Definition
-immediate withdrawal
-negotiation
-withdraw steadily with a fixed terminal date
-Nixon doctrine (Vietnamization) |
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Term
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Definition
-passed by UN Security Council by unanimous vote
-purpose = disarm Iraq of its WMDs
-mentioned in Colin Powell's speech |
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Term
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Definition
-American broadcast journalist who reported combat in Vietnam during 1960s and 1970s.
-has incredible ethos "most trusted man in America"
-publicly declares after Tet Offensive that Vietnam is unwinnable war.
-Johnson states that once he lost Cronkite on his side, he lost America |
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Term
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Definition
-began as early as 1967
-3 groups of antiwar protesters:
1. Pacifists-oppose to all war. (David Dellinger)
2. Hippies-do offensive things to get attention. Very
radical. "Make love, not war"
3. College students and people- crossfire between
police and hippies |
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Term
| Permanent Subcommittee on Senate Investigations (Army McCarthy hearings) 1954- |
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Definition
-McCarthy's subcommittee
-held 169 hearings throughout 1953 and 1954
-Roy Cohn
-G. David Schine
-Ray Jenkins |
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Term
| Senate Subcommittee on Foreign Relations (Tidings Committee) 1950-1952 |
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Definition
-Tydings Committee
-Millard Tydings
-look into charges by Joseph McCarthy
-conduct a full and complete study and investigation as to whether persons who are disloyal to the US are employed by the Department of State"
-"put up or shut up" regarding claims of communism
-rests on case of Owen Lattimore; doesn't have enough evidence to prove he is guilty and states McCarthy is disband. |
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Term
| Subcommittee on Government Operations 1952-1954 |
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Definition
-1952-1954
-originally dealt with disbursements (money)
-McCarthy becomes the most powerful and becomes head
-brings in idea of communism when it originally had nothing to do with communism |
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Term
| 5 audiences for Nixon's Vietnamization Speech |
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Definition
1. Conservative Republicans- hawks who agree with Nixon
2. Silent Majority- fence-straddlers of the war, undecisive
3. Conviced doves- pacifists who wanted out of war. claim a right to dissent, but don't protest or take it too far.
4. South Vietnamese- Won't desert them, we keep our faith strong
5. Hanoi- We will fight and match their forces. If they escalate, we escalate |
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Term
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Definition
-served for Bush's first term
-fired in December 2002 for his public disagreement with the administration
-became a harsh critic
-chairman of Alcoa
-Ted Kennedy dumps his ethos on him |
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Term
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Definition
-Dick Cheney
-Donald Rumsfeld
-Paul Wolfowitz |
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Term
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Definition
-long respected worldwide
-US ambassador to United Nations
-clever debator
-UN Speech
-alludes to proof of missile's existence, withheld proof for right moment
-"baits the trap"
-if Soviet Union thinks this is a bluff, he can spring the evidence in their face
-showing the photographs would destroy the Soviet credibility
-"wait for my answer until hell freezes over." |
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Term
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Definition
-1970
-college students with college deferments fighting with people in national guard
-most dramatic, horrible event
-four students killed |
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Term
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Definition
-Tet Offensive
-Johnson resigns in March
-MLK assassinated in April
-Bobby Kennedy " in June
-Chicago demonstrations in front of Hilton Hotel
-Nixon elected |
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Term
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Definition
-anti-communist book
-Total Power
-allegedly the first person to suggest to McCarthy that he use anti-communism to gain political prominence |
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Term
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Definition
-lawyer originally sent to represent Army at the Army-McCarthy hearings
-belonged to National Lawyers Guild, a leftwing association, and is not put on the case
-McCarthy states he should get fired as a communist
-Welch responds with have you no decency and states it is reckless cruelty |
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