Term
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Definition
| America is becoming increasingly disconnected from family, friends, and our democratic structures. Our stock of social capital has plummeted, impoverishing our lives. We sign fewer petiions, belong to few orgs, meet with less friends, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| Deliberation, which has become a democratic standard in American political settings, has also an undemocratic appeal. Foremost among the undemocratic charges against deliberation is that its proponents cannot guarantee equality of opportunity to those who want to participate in it. Furthermore, critics of deliberation argue that the problem of ordinary citizens committing excesses when they participate in deliberative processes must be addressed. The advantages and disadvantages of deliberation are evaluated and an alternative model for democratic politics is proposed. |
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Term
| "Are women more likely to vote for women's issues bills than their male colleagues?" -Swers |
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Definition
| Women are more likely than men to vote for women’s issues bills. A greater percentage of Republican women as compared to Republican men vote for women’s issues bills. Gender plays a significant role in the voting of Republican representatives. Importance of Republican women. |
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Term
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Definition
| It is most important to know about a candidate for President: a. how active he is and b. whether or not he gives the impression he enjoys his political life. |
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Term
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Definition
| a strategy whereby a president promotes himself and his policies in Washington by appealing to the American public for support (forcing compliance by Washington). It is contradictory to bargaining. |
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| "Faith and the Presidency" |
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Definition
| candidates usually use religious rhetoric as political posturing. Candidates usually only offer American moral rhetoric that doesn’t end up as useful in policy-making. |
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Term
| "The Rise of the Bureaucratic State" James Wilson |
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Definition
| Wilson’s classic article raises issues about the power of bureaucratic agencies and their accountability (or lack thereof) towards the public and the legislatures which created them, and the discretion they are granted to carry out the affairs of government. |
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| "How the Supreme Court Arrives at Decisions" Rehnquist |
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Definition
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Term
| "On Court That Defied Labeling, Kennedy Made the Boldest Mark" |
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Definition
justice kennedy's court
This term, Justice Kennedy dissented 10 times (compared with the chief justice’s seven), including in four of the 5-to-4 decisions.
There is no reason to suppose that Justice Kennedy’s role will be any less important in the near future.
each Supreme Court term is in some respects a different story |
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Term
| "religion is not a preference" mitchell |
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Definition
political science commentary on religion
conceptualizing religion in terms of preference, values, identity, and choice is antithetical to the true nature of the religious experience, mitchell didn’t cite that research
social scientists failed to comprehend the power of religious motivation, because they have reduced the experience to terms
unrelated to the religious self-understanding of believers
terms are inaccurate, representing 18th and 19th century efforts to accommodate religion to modernity
effort to tame religion so it will fit comfortably into the public square
underestimating influence of religion on politics
failure in the past, historical examples, Iranian Revolution, Poland
empiricists inattention to religion
emphasis on the history of concepts
can you not have values AND religious experience?
experience shows that God is author of all
multifaceted nature of religion |
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Term
| "religious preferences and social science: a second look" Wilcox, Wald, and Jelen |
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Definition
Mitchell has “propounded an individualized conceptualization of religion that overlooks the communal nature of religious interaction, a dimension central to translating religious perspectives into political action”
terms are consistent with the lived religion of most people, i get that
more valid and reliable measures of religion
problem with mitchell=prevalence of the very same individualistic, apolitical conceptualization of religious experience
social scientists have made advances in studying about religion
do we need to understand religious experience in order to understand its impact on politics?
experiences do not occur in isolation but within religious communities, where leaders help recognize these experiences
humility and exaltation are just two of many transformative religious experiences
these experiences do not themselves have inherent political content
religious experience is understood by religious communities ‘lived theology’
help turn their understanding into political preferences, choices, identities, and values
we don’t need to understand the experience, but how the experience affects political thinking and behavior
religious understandings change over time in the same way that terms such as preference and choice change also, what’s the big deal? they take on new meaning when based in social science theory
social scientists have a method for measuring terms... not recognized by mitcheell
mitchell believes they have been created to fit into the public realm
necessary to understand these concepts because they explain the way that religion is experienced by people today
free will argument, ability to choose or to reject God
scripture has few references to individuals choosing God, but many of them rejecting God, prescribes existence of a choice...
voluntary acceptance of God’s grace not only in the covenantal stories of scripture but also in the traditions of today example=confirmation
‘accepting’ Christ is an action, but is it a religious experience
preferences in terms of choosing religious aspects, which churches, which services
‘religious markets’
frequent switch of churches and denominations also shows existence and prevalence of choice
or is it God’s calling? God is doing the work/movement in the heart that precipitates action?
religion translated into political action, what is causing it? God or identities, valeies, choices, preferences?
religious identities and values
religious identities seem to be meaningful to citizens
religious identities are used to mobilize social movements
they agree that religious experience is not simply a set of these terms but in order for the experience of humility or exaltation to have political meaning, the experience of the divine must be interpreted and translated into a contemporary political idiom
doesn’t devalue the experience... |
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Term
| "A reply to my critics" Mitchell |
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Definition
individual remains the unit of analysis... experience as an attribute to the individual
he agrees with the others that religious experience is made sense through mediation with others, but religious communities are the outworking of a religious experience that one or two people had
reason for making the individual the unit of analysis
personal religion is most fundamental
religions stem from personal experience
religious experience is a disruption of everyday experience
they are underestimating the power of religious experience to reconfigure everyday life
agrees with individualism, not behavioralism
protestants today use those terms so isn’t it okay then? |
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Term
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Definition
"such a purely defensive policy has become outdated in an age of international terrorism, rogue states and unconventional weapons. " -Bush
When groups like that are discovered preparing an attack, it makes sense to strike first.
Even in these dangerous times, the United States should not regard itself as being in the business of unilaterally invading other countries or toppling other governments.
The administration must make it clear that force will be a last resort, not its principal antiproliferation tool. |
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Term
| "religion is not a preference" mitchell |
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Definition
political science commentary on religion
conceptualizing religion in terms of preference, values, identity, and choice is antithetical to the true nature of the religious experience, mitchell didn’t cite that research
social scientists failed to comprehend the power of religious motivation, because they have reduced the experience to terms
unrelated to the religious self-understanding of believers
terms are inaccurate, representing 18th and 19th century efforts to accommodate religion to modernity
effort to tame religion so it will fit comfortably into the public square
underestimating influence of religion on politics
failure in the past, historical examples, Iranian Revolution, Poland
empiricists inattention to religion
emphasis on the history of concepts
can you not have values AND religious experience?
experience shows that God is author of all
multifaceted nature of religion |
|
|
Term
| "religious preferences and social science: a second look" Wilcox, Wald, and Jelen |
|
Definition
Mitchell has “propounded an individualized conceptualization of religion that overlooks the communal nature of religious interaction, a dimension central to translating religious perspectives into political action”
terms are consistent with the lived religion of most people, i get that
more valid and reliable measures of religion
problem with mitchell=prevalence of the very same individualistic, apolitical conceptualization of religious experience
social scientists have made advances in studying about religion
do we need to understand religious experience in order to understand its impact on politics?
experiences do not occur in isolation but within religious communities, where leaders help recognize these experiences
humility and exaltation are just two of many transformative religious experiences
these experiences do not themselves have inherent political content
religious experience is understood by religious communities ‘lived theology’
help turn their understanding into political preferences, choices, identities, and values
we don’t need to understand the experience, but how the experience affects political thinking and behavior
religious understandings change over time in the same way that terms such as preference and choice change also, what’s the big deal? they take on new meaning when based in social science theory
social scientists have a method for measuring terms... not recognized by mitcheell
mitchell believes they have been created to fit into the public realm
necessary to understand these concepts because they explain the way that religion is experienced by people today
free will argument, ability to choose or to reject God
scripture has few references to individuals choosing God, but many of them rejecting God, prescribes existence of a choice...
voluntary acceptance of God’s grace not only in the covenantal stories of scripture but also in the traditions of today example=confirmation
‘accepting’ Christ is an action, but is it a religious experience
preferences in terms of choosing religious aspects, which churches, which services
‘religious markets’
frequent switch of churches and denominations also shows existence and prevalence of choice
or is it God’s calling? God is doing the work/movement in the heart that precipitates action?
religion translated into political action, what is causing it? God or identities, valeies, choices, preferences?
religious identities and values
religious identities seem to be meaningful to citizens
religious identities are used to mobilize social movements
they agree that religious experience is not simply a set of these terms but in order for the experience of humility or exaltation to have political meaning, the experience of the divine must be interpreted and translated into a contemporary political idiom
doesn’t devalue the experience... |
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Term
| "A reply to my critics" Mitchell |
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Definition
individual remains the unit of analysis... experience as an attribute to the individual
he agrees with the others that religious experience is made sense through mediation with others, but religious communities are the outworking of a religious experience that one or two people had
reason for making the individual the unit of analysis
personal religion is most fundamental
religions stem from personal experience
religious experience is a disruption of everyday experience
they are underestimating the power of religious experience to reconfigure everyday life
agrees with individualism, not behavioralism
protestants today use those terms so isn’t it okay then? |
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Term
| "ANECDOTES AND THE IMPACT THEY'VE HAD ON POLICY" |
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Definition
In the past, according to those officials and lawyers, the Administration has been acutely sensitive to the persuasive power of anecdotes - stories about individuals that dramatize a larger social problem or need.
''Examples in the extreme do not represent a constructive approach to the issue.''
stories that changed policy
focus on reagan administration, medicaid, disability |
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Term
| "A Decade After Welfare Overhaul, a Shift in Policy and Perception" |
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Definition
Ten years after a Republican Congress collaborated with a Democratic president to overhaul the nation’s welfare system, the implications are still rippling through policy and politics.
New battle lines are forming. Conservatives are pushing for stiffer work requirements and for more attention to marriage as an antidote to poverty. Many moderates and liberals want to broaden support for poor workers by providing more money for child care, more access to unemployment insurance and higher minimum wages. And many experts say the states have yet to come to grips with the group of single mothers whose lives are so troubled that they are unlikely to hold steady jobs. |
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Term
| "Misinformation and the Currency of Democratic Citizenship" |
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Definition
deficiencies in political knowledge among american citizens
misinformation is another big issue
'people are misinformed when they confidently hold wrong beliefs'
misinformation about welfare. it acts as an obstacle to educating the public with correct facts |
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Term
| "Surge in Support for Social Safety Net" |
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Definition
Pew Research Center
Sympathy for the Poor and for Government Aid Programs Returns to 1980s Levels
Support for government programs to help disadvantaged Americans, as well as sympathy for the plight of the poor, have surged since 1994 and returned to levels last seen in 1990 prior to welfare reform, with gains occurring among virtually every major social, political and demographic group. |
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Term
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Definition
religious conservatives are facing the disintegration of their movement
"first steps toward bridging the cultural divide between progressives and evangelicals." |
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Term
"Unequal Participation: Democracy's Unresolved Dilemma"
-Lijphart |
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Definition
lower voter turnout problem for five reasons:
1. biased against less well-to-do citizens
2. unequal political influence
3. relatively lower than most other countries
4. midterm/local/etc are also relatively poor turnouts
5. tends to be declining everywhere
institutional mechanisms that maximize turnout
voter-friendly registration rules
proportional representation
infrequent elections
weekend voting
compulsory(required) voting |
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Term
| "The Early Supreme Court" Young |
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Definition
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