Term
| Key Players in Foreign Policy |
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Definition
| o Foreign policy refers to the programs and policies that determine America’s relations with other nations and foreign entities. Key players in American foreign policy would be the President, ambassadors, Secretary of State and also the Congress. |
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| goals of u.s. foreign policy (3) and an example of each |
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Definition
o Security
♣ The US must protect itself against threats from the outside world such as 9/11. After that terrorist attack, President Bush created the Department of Homeland Security and boosted security levels within the country.
o Economic prosperity
♣ America wants to expand employment opportunities in the US, maintain access to foreign energy supplies at a reasonable cost, promote foreign investment in the US and lower the prices Americans pay for goods and services. Example would be government tariffs on imports so that it doesn’t hurt domestic business
o International humanitarian policies
♣ International environmental policy, internationals human rights policy and international peace-keeping. Ex: World Health Organization, Kyoto Protocol etc |
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a group other than a nation-state that attempts to play a role in the national system; e.g. terrorist groups
Terrorist groups and other hostile groups that are not officially a country or nation |
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a tax placed by the government on imported goods
A duty levied by the government on imported or exported goods |
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conducting an operation by oneself
A foreign policy that takes little or no regard of the views of other nations, including allies; or the implementation of such a policy |
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conducting a joint operation with multiple nations
The principle or belief that several nations should be cooperatively involved in the process of achieving a goal, especially nuclear disarmament |
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 1949
North Atlantic Treaty Organization was a peacetime treaty originated to keep the Soviets from taking over Europe |
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| instruments of foreign policy |
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diplomacy:representation of a government to other foreign governments
UN: a very large and unwieldy institution with few powers and no armed forces to implement its rules and resolutions. 5 permanent members sit on the Security council, including China, USA, Russia, France, and Britain along with 10 elected members by the General Assembly
IMF: an institution est in 1944 to prove loans to needy member countries and to facilitate international monetary exchange
economic aid and sanctions:Aid is an economic carrot and sanctions are an economic stick. Aid may serve a humanitarian purpose or may be for American interests such as bolstering the security of our allies. Sanctions are used when the US wants to weaken a country or regime, such as the sanctions on Iran.
collective security:countries with similar aspirations/ideals form an alliance together since there is strength in numbers.
military force:Military force is often used as a last resort but the US has the most powerful military and uses it as both a deterrent and as a weapon when actually needed
arbitration:referring an international disagreement to a neutral third party for resolution. |
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| military spending of u.s. versus rest of the world |
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US: 48% of entire world
Of the top ten spenders on military, the US spends 42.8% of that total (total is 1.630 trillion) |
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the rise of the rest, different security concerns, no longer need to be a global power to be a threat
characterized by heightened suspicion of non-Americans in the United States, increased government efforts to address terrorism, and a more aggressive American foreign policy. |
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the rise of the rest, different security concerns, no longer need to be a global power to be a threat
a non-fiction book by Indian American journalist Fareed Zakaria.Zakaria argues that, thanks to the actions of the United States in spreading liberal democracy across the world, other countries are now competing with the US in terms of economic, industrial, and cultural power. While the US continues to dominate in terms of political-military power, other countries such as China and India are becoming global players in many fields. |
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