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American National Government GCSC Test 1
American National Governement - Gulf Coast State College, Panaman City FL, Test 1
87
Civics
Undergraduate 1
05/10/2013

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Term
In Order to be a good citizen, it is most critical to possess
Definition
Knowledge
Term
Government can best be defined as
Definition
the institutions and procedures by which a territory and its people are ruled
Term
A government that is formally limited by laws and rules is called
Definition
Constitutional
Term
What major changes in western government led to the establishment of constitutional government
Definition
Legal limits on government and the right of more people to vote
Term
The demand that there be no taxation with representation is a good example of what political reform of the eighteenth century
Definition
More popular influence on government
Term
who described politics as "who gets what, when and how"
Definition
Harold Lasswell
Term
According to the text, what is the goal of politics
Definition
To have a say in a governments' leadership, organization, and policies
Term
Direct democracy is best defined as
Definition
a system that allows citizens to vote directly for laws and policies
Term
Politics can be defined as
Definition
Conflicts over the character, membership, and policies of any organization to which people belong
Term
What are the three core values in American politics
Definition
Liberty, Equality, and Democracy
Term
The Bill of Rights is
Definition
The first ten amendments to the Constitution
Term
Throught out American history, the concept of liberty has been linked to
Definition
The idea of limited government
Term
The term Laissez-Faire means
Definition
Leave alone
Term
The belief that political authority should rest with the people themselves is called
Definition
Popular Sovereignty
Term
Political rights are a protection against
Definition
The tyranny of the majority
Term
Which of the following terms describe America's fundamental political values
Definition
Liberty, equality, and democracy
Term
"if there is no struggle, there is no progress" is a quote by:
Definition
Frederick Douglass
Term
Mobilizing others to join in strategic actions is known as which pathway for political action
Definition
Grassroots Activities
Term
In the abstract "9 dots puzzle" the space outside the box represents
Definition
Politics
Term
In the spectrum of conflict resolution, where litigation is the action at one end, what form of action is at the opposite end?
Definition
Negotiation
Term
The system under which voters elect leaders and then hold those leaders accountable for the decisions they make is generally known as
Definition
Representative Democracy
Term
A government _____ a society's resources, such as wealth, services, or other things of value, when it gives benefits to specific groups in society
Definition
Distributes
Term
Because they involve the shifting of scarce resources, the most controversial government programs are usually those that center on
Definition
Redistribution
Term
_____ policy concerns the money supply
Definition
Monetary
Term
The price at which prices increase is measured by the
Definition
Rate of Inflation
Term
There are two primary types of economic policy
Definition
Fiscal and Monetary
Term
______ is the politics of taxing and spending
Definition
Fiscal policy
Term
In which of the following years did the United States run it largest budget surplus
Definition
2000
Term
In the United States, income tax is a _____ tax - the more money you make, the higher percentage you pay in taxes
Definition
Progressive
Term
The single largest portion of federal revenue, accounting for approximately 43 percent of all revenue to the national government, is provided by
Definition
Individual Income Taxes
Term
The ____ is our nations' independent central bank
Definition
Federal Reserve System
Term
Members of the Federal Reserve Board are
Definition
Appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate for 14 year term
Term
_____ takes place when a government uses legislative, military or judiciary power to stop an action by a person, organization, or group, or when it mandates other behaviors actions
Definition
Regulation
Term
The amount by which a government's expenditures exceed its revenues is referred to as the
Definition
Budget Deficit
Term
The net sum of the budget deficit minus the surplus is the ____, or the amount that the government owes
Definition
National Debt
Term
Monetary policy concerns the money supply and is managed by the
Definition
Federal Reserve Board
Term
With the exception of the four years between 1998 and 2001, the federal government has run a budget deficit every year since
Definition
1970
Term
The main responsibility of the Federal Reserve Board is to
Definition
Try to control inflation while keeping the economy growing
Term
______ of Opportunity; widely shared American Ideal
Definition
Equality
Term
Separation of _______ provided by different branches of government
Definition
Powers
Term
Name of philosopher who argued that government needs the consent of the people
Definition
John Locke
Term
The most common form of political participation
Definition
Voting
Term
Form of government in which power is held by a small group
Definition
Oligarchy
Term
A well-established, ordered system (i.e. family, school, government)
Definition
Institution
Term
To formally change the Constitution
Definition
Amend
Term
Name of the Farmer who led rebellion in 1787
Definition
Shays
Term
Freedom from government control
Definition
Liberty
Term
The form of government ruled by the people
Definition
Democracy
Term
Cohesive set of beliefs about the proper role of government
Definition
Ideology
Term
The pervasive nature of government; being omnipresent
Definition
Ubiquitous
Term
Theory that all interest are free to compete for influence in government
Definition
Pluralism
Term
Conflict over power in relationships (the circle around the box)
Definition
Politics
Term
Mix of different types of people
Definition
Diversity
Term
Gender is one type; distinct patter of differences in voting
Definition
Gap
Term
Branch of government that makes the laws
Definition
Legislative
Term
Our type of economic system; minimal government interference
Definition
Capitalism
Term
Ideology supporting the social and economic status quo; belief that big government is threat to individual freedom; membership in the GOP
Definition
Conservative
Term
Articles of ________; prior to the Constitution
Definition
Confederation
Term
The ability to influence government and politics
Definition
Political Efficacy
Term
Informed and active membership in a political community
Definition
Citizenship
Term
Institutions and procedures through which a territory and its people are ruled
Definition
Government
Term
A form of government in which a single individual - a king, queen, or dictator--rules
Definition
Autocracy
Term
A form of government in which a small group--landowners, military officers, or wealthy merchants---controls most of the governing decisions
Definition
Oligarchy
Term
A system of rule that permits citizens to play a significant part in the governmental process, usually through the election of key public officials
Definition
Democracy
Term
A system of rule in which formal and effective limits are placed on the powers of government
Definition
Constitutional Government
Term
A system of rule in which the government recognizes no formal limits but may nevertherless berestraned by the power of other social institutions
Definition
Authoritarian Government
Term
A system of rule in which the government recognizes no formal limits on its power and seeks to absorb or eliminate other social institutions that might challenge it
Definition
Totalitarian Government
Term
Conflict over the leadership, structure, and policies of government
Definition
Politics
Term
Influence over a government leadership organization, or policies
Definition
Power
Term
A system of government in which the populace selects representatives, who play a signficant role in government decision making
Definition
Representative Democracy / Republic
Term
A system of rule that permits citizens to vote directly on laws and policies
Definition
Direct Democracy
Term
The theory that all interests are and should be free to compete for influence in the government. The outcome of this competition is compromise and moderation
Definition
Pluralism
Term
Broadly shared values, beliefs, and attitudes about how the government should funtion. American political culture emphasies the values of liberty, equality and democracy
Definition
Political Culture
Term
Freedom from government control
Definition
Liberty
Term
A principle of constitutional government; a government whose powers are defined and limited by a constitution
Definition
Limited Government
Term
An economic system in which the means of production and distribution are privately owned and operated for profit with minimal or no government interference
Definition
Laissez-Faire Government
Term
A widely shared American ideal that all people should have the freedom to sue whatever talents and wealth they have to reach their fullest potential
Definition
Equality of Opportunity
Term
The right to participate in politics equally. based on the principles of "one person, one vote"
Definition
Political Equality
Term
A principle of democracy in which political authority rests ultimately in the hands of the people
Definition
Popular Sovereignty
Term
The democratic principle that government follows the preferences of the majority of voters but protects the interests of the minority
Definition
Majority Rule, Minority Rights
Term
America's first written constitution; servere as the basis for America's national government until 1789
Definition
Articles of Confederation
Term
A system of government in which states reatin sovereign authority except for the powers expressly delegated to the national government
Definition
Confederation
Term
A framework for the Constitution, introduced by Edmund Randolph, which called for representation in the national legislature based on the population of each state
Definition
Virginia Plan
Term
A framework for the Constitution, introduced by William Paterson, which called for equal state representation in th national legislature regardless of population
Definition
New Jersey Plan
Term
The agreement reached at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that gave each state equal number of senators regardless of its population, but linked representation in the House of Representatives to population
Definition
Great Compromise
Term
Having a legislative assembly composed of two chambers or houses; distinguished from unicameral
Definition
Bicameral
Term
The agreement reached at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that stipulated that for purposes of the apportionment of congressional seats, every slave would be counted as three-fifths of a person
Definition
Three-Fifths Compromise
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