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| statement made by ambassador to Great Britian, John Hay. Referred to the Spanish-American war and the apparent ease with which it was fought and won. |
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| Policy drafted by John Hay of "fair field and no favor" opening China to anyone wishing to compete there. Advantageous to the United States because of their industrial power and ability to monopolize the market in China. |
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| Telegram from Germany to Mexico offering the return of land taken from Mexico by United States in return for a Mexican ALliance with Berlin. Intercepted by the United States, helped push the US toward war. |
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| Treaty signed between Russia an dGermany granting Soviet Lands including Poland to Germany. |
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| Kellog-Briand Pact of 1928 |
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| A public statement opposing war to be signed by any nation that wished. This was Kellogg's attempt to appease Briand's wish for a pact outlawing war between France and the United States. |
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| Plan to reduce war reparation payments owed by Germany and to provide a $200M loan to help revitalize German economy. |
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| Declaration that the United States would not recognize Japan's control of Manchuria. The Japanese were undeterred. |
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| group of isolationists comprised of students, politicans, and corporate sponsors to lobby against entering the war. Lobbying efforts led by Charles Lindbergh. |
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| sent from George Keenan (russian expert in Moscow). Addressed possible motives behind Soviet refusal to join World Bank and IMF. Reccomended policy of containment. |
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| National Security Council Paper 68. Provided the United States with a plan for fighting the cold war. Assumed that Stalin's eventual aim was world communist domination. Led the United States to a massive military build-up. |
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| First to complete a solo flight across the Atlantic - an American Hero. Lobbyist for Americans First, promoted isolationism before WWII. FDR tried unsuccessfully to prove that he was a Nazi sympathizer. |
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| Statement of war aims released by British and Americans; told the world the war was to be fought to protect self-governance, freedom of the seas, fair global economic system, etc. |
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| $13 billion program to rebuild western Europe between 1948 - 1952. Adopted by 17 Western European nations. Struck a blow to communism, especially in France where Communist members were booted from the Cabinet to ensure US dollars. |
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| 1929 plan which further reduced German war reparations |
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| Washington Conference of 1921 |
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| Hughes invited 9 leading powers to Washington to discuss arms race and matters in Far East. Pointedly didn't include Soviet Union. 5-Power Treaty, 9-Power Treaty for disarmament and open-door respectively. |
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| Berlin Crisis of 1948 - 1949 |
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| US airlift program to deliver food and supplies to blockaded West Germany for 320 days before blockade lifted by Stalin. Airlift was used to avoid a military clash with Soviets in East Germany. |
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| South Korean leader intially backed by United States, who later grew to distrust him and withdrew military support, prompting Communist North Korea to attempt an invasion. UN intervention. |
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| a surprise landing led by MacArthur against US Defense Department's wishes, cut off North Korean force. Greatly elevated MacArthur's reputation. |
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| Secretary of State in the 50s, "sour, militant anti-communist". Not well-liked by the public but trusted by Eishenhower and Congress. Worked hard shaping public opinion. |
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