Term
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Definition
| state of responsiveness to foreign substances |
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Term
| functions of the immune response |
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Definition
| defense, homeostasis, surveillance |
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Term
| type of immunity: natural contact with antigen through clinical infection |
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Definition
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Term
| type of immunity: immunization with antigen (vaccine) |
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Definition
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Term
| type of immunity: transplaental and colostrum transfer (immunoglobulin from mom to baby) |
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Definition
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Term
| type of immunity: injection of serum from immune human |
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Definition
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Term
| where are lymphocytes made? |
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Definition
| bone marrow, there are t & b |
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Term
| what do b lymphocytes produce |
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Definition
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Term
| what do T cytotoxic lymphocytes do? |
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Definition
| attack antigens on foreign pathogens and release cytotoxic substances |
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Term
| what do T helper cells do? |
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Definition
| regulate cell mediated immunity and humoral antibody response |
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Term
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Definition
| cell mediated immunity do not require sensitization |
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Term
| all living cells are antigenic! |
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Definition
| wow...immune system recognizes as self or nonelf |
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Term
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Definition
| messengers between cells...instruct cells |
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Term
| what is humoral immunity? |
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Definition
| antibody mediated immunity |
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Term
| first exposure to antigen, which antibody is first? |
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Definition
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Term
| which antibody is greatest(faster and lasts longer) at second and recurring exposure |
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Definition
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Term
| breast milk..what antibody given to bab |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens when pregnant women acquire new infections? |
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Definition
| Baby cant get the infection bc only IgG is transferred to baby and IgM is the biggest antibody at first exposure. |
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Term
| is bone marrow function affected by increasing age? |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens to the thymus d/t aging? |
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Definition
| decrease in size and activity...mostly cause of immunosenescence (gradual deterioration of immune system) |
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Term
| what is an IgE mediated reaction? |
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Definition
allergic reaction
IgE antibodies attach to mast cells which rlease histamine and inflammation....
vasodilation, itching, mucous, bronchial constriction, low BP |
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Term
| examples of IgE reactions |
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Definition
| mosquito bites, med allergies, pollen, dust, food....IgE reactions can lead to ANAPHYLAXIS AND SHOCK |
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Term
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Definition
| radioallergosorbent test...tests for specific IgE antibodies to specific antigens |
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Term
| what is increased on CBC that is indicative of allergies? |
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Definition
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Term
| what can happen while skin testing to ID allergen?>... |
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Definition
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Term
| immunotherapy for allergies |
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Definition
| admin antigens in increasing strength until hyposensitive....igG antibodies are created and compete with IgE so mast cells are not stimulated |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs in minutes and can be deadly...airway obstruction, edema, hypotension, collape, death.... |
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Term
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Definition
| IgG or IgM binds to antigens on cells surface...cell is destroyed |
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Term
| ex of cytotoxic reactions |
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Definition
Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction
Hemolytic Anemias
IMMUNE THROMBOCTYOPENIC PURPURA ITP |
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Term
| what kind of immune reaction is immune thrombocytopenic purpura? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| antigen/antibody are so small they get deposited into tissue/blood vessels tissues get destroyed |
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Term
| example of immune complex reactions |
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Definition
| lupus, RA, acute glomerulonephritis |
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Term
| delayed hypersensitivity reactions |
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Definition
| cell mediated immune response that damgages tissues instead of protecting them... T cells attack or release cytokines |
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Term
| examples of delayed hypersensitivity reactions |
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Definition
| poison ivy, organ/tissue rejection, TB skin test |
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Term
| Primary immunodeficiency disorders |
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Definition
| immune cells dysfunctional or absent |
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Term
| secondary immunodeficiency disorders |
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Definition
caused by illness or treatments
ex. transplant pt on meds
CA pt with chemo
anti-inflammatory meds
AIDS |
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Term
| Human Leukocyte Antigen System (HLA) |
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Definition
responsible for rejection of unlike tissues
present on all cells
USED IN MATCHING ORGAN/TISSUE |
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Term
| associations between HLA ypes and diseases |
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Definition
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Term
| what is included in hsitocompatability studies??? |
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Definition
ABO blood group
HLA antigens
antibodies in recipient
crossmatch |
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Term
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Definition
minutes to hours
IRREVERSIBLE
antibodies already formed that attack new organ...ex previous pregnancy, transfusions |
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Term
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Definition
4 days to 4 months
reversible
cytotoxic t cells attack new organ
treat with immuno suppresive meds (monoclonal antibodies) |
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Term
|
Definition
months to years
IRREVERSIBLE, retransplant
organs are infiltrated with T and B cells and scar new organ |
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Term
| List examples of immunosuppressive meds |
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Definition
corticosteroids
cyclosporine
imuran
monoclonal antibodies
polyclonal antibodies |
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Term
| what do corticosteroids do? |
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Definition
| suppress inflammatory response |
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Term
| what does cyclosporine do? |
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Definition
| prevents cell mediated attack on tissues |
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Term
|
Definition
| inhibits t and b cell proliferation |
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Term
| what do monoconal antibodies do? |
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Definition
| destroy cytotoxic t cells |
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Term
| what dopolyclonal antibodies do? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is graft vs host disease? |
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Definition
graft(transplanted organ) rejects host or recipient tissue
NO REAL TREATMENT, USE immuno drugs to prevent
onset 7-30 days |
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Term
|
Definition
| maculopapular rash mild jaundice |
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