Term
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Definition
| To solve the riddle of the RNA structure, and to understand how it builds proteins. |
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Term
| George Gamow's (wrong) take on DNA. |
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Definition
| Specific amino acids fit into the diamond shaped grooves between bases. When they all lined up and enzyme would connect them. |
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Term
| What is wrong with the idea that RNA folded to create pockets specific for amino acids? |
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Definition
| The charge interactions between RNA, and amino acid side groups would not allow this. |
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Term
| What does the RNA cross to get to the ribosome? |
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Definition
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Term
| RNA copy of DNA that moves to the ribosome. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who came up with the idea of mRNA copies, and adapter molecules? |
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Definition
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Term
| Zamecnik and Hoagland discovered... |
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Definition
| tRNA. A small RNA which could attach to an amino acid and direct protein synthesis. Also the function of the ribosome in synthesis. |
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Term
| What was originally thought to be the template for tRNA? Why was this thought? What was the main flaw in this belief? |
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Definition
| rRNA. This was assumed because there was more rRNA than mRNA. rRNA is non-specific. |
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Term
| How can mRNA be the copy strand when there is so little of it? |
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Definition
| mRNA can be reused many times. |
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Term
| Other reasons why rRNA could not be the template? |
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Definition
| It is the same across species, and they are all similar lengths in the large and small subunits. |
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Term
| What forms the ribosomal complex? |
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Definition
| rRNA along with many different ribosomal proteins. |
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Term
| What does the ribosomal complex do? |
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Definition
| It brings the tRNA-amino complex into the correct position to allow protein synthesis. |
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Term
| Which came first, the RNA or the protein? |
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Definition
| RNA is thought to have come first. |
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Term
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Definition
| Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. |
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Term
| What are the two main categories of bonds? What bonds belong in each category? (According to Allingham, Nathan) |
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Definition
Strong: Covalent and ionic.
Weak: Van der Wals interactions, hydrophobic interactions, and hydrogen bonds. |
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Term
| What gives the C-N peptide bond it's special double bond character? |
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Definition
| Resonance structures formed through the lone pair on the nitrogen and the double bond to oxygen. |
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Term
| What factor most greatly affects Van der Wals forces? |
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Definition
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Term
| Stacking of base pairs in the center of DNA is a good example of what interactions? |
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Definition
| Hydrophobic interactions. |
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Term
| Which type of bond is most essential for life? |
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Definition
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