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All Neuro
Final get pumped up
79
Biology
Undergraduate 3
05/16/2011

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Term
myelin created by ______ in CNS
Definition
oligodendrocytes
Term
myelin created by ______ in PNS
Definition
Schwann cells
Term
negative polarization
Definition
hyperpolarization
Term
positive polarization
Definition
depolarization
Term
electrochemical equilibrium is balance between 2 things
Definition
concentration gradient and electrical gradient
Term
nernst eq
Definition
E=RT/zF log[2]/[1] (58/z) log[2]/[1]
Term
nerst eq for Cl
Definition
E=RT/zF log[1]/[2] (58/z) log[1]/[2]
Term
goldman eq
Definition
58log(Pk[K]2+PNa[Na]2+PCl[Cl]1)/(Pk[K]1+PNa[Na]1+PCl[Cl]2)
Term
ohms law
Definition
I(ion)=g(ion)* (Vm-E(ion))
Term
driving force eq
Definition
Vm-E(ion)
Term
Na channel blocking toxin
Definition
tetradotoxin TTX
Term
K channel blocking molecule
Definition
triethylammonium
Term
decrease in current over time eq
Definition
Vx=V0e^(-x/Lamda) lamda is length constant
Term
length constant equation
Definition
Lamda=sqrt(membrane resistance/(axonal resistances))
Term
lamda is ___% of V0
Definition
37%
Term
rising voltage eq
Definition
Vt=V0(1-e^(-t/T))
Term
decaying voltage eq
Definition
Vt=V0(e^(-t/T))
Term
time constant rise/fall%
Definition
63% max and 37% max
Term
time constance equals
Definition
membrane resistance * membrane capacitance
Term
nodes of ______
Definition
Ranvier
Term
2K in / 3 Na out
Definition
electrogenic Na/K pump
Term
pass electrical signal at synapse
Definition
gap junctions
Term
hexameric complexes formed by coming together of this subunit of gap junctions
Definition
connexons
Term
molecule that keeps reserve pool of NT vesicles tethered together
Definition
synapsin
Term
phosphorylates synapsin to mobilize vesicles previosuly tethered
Definition
CaMKII
Term
regulate the assembly of SNAREs
Definition
NSF and SNAPs
Term
SNARE protein protruding from vesicle
Definition
synaptobrevin
Term
SNARE protein protruding from presynaptic plasma membrane
Definition
syntaxin and SNAP-25
Term
protrudes from the vesicle membrane and pulls vesicle to plasma membrane in the presence of Calcium
Definition
synaptotagmin
Term
attaches to membrane and provides a curved structure to aid in budding
Definition
clathrin
Term
pinches off the budding of a vesicle
Definition
dynamin
Term
removes clathrin (3)
Definition
Hsc-70 and auxilin nad synaptojanin
Term
2 inhibitory NT
Definition
GABA glycine
Term
three ionotropic glutamate receptors
Definition
NMDA, AMPA, kainate
Term
glutamate to glutamine mechanism occurs where?
Definition
glial cell
Term
NMDA receptors let in ____ which is unique
Definition
Calcium
Term
NMDA binds ______ which is unique cuz it blocks ion flow until depolarization
Definition
MG2+
Term
opening NMDA channels requires ______ which is unique
Definition
glycine
Term
breaks down catecholamines
Definition
MAO COMT
Term
catecholine blockers (NT storage, reuptake,)
Definition
reserpine, cocaine and amphetamines
Term
dopamine originates from
Definition
substantia nigra
Term
norepinephine originates from
Definition
locus coeruleus
Term
epinephrine orinates from
Definition
medulla
Term
histamine originates from
Definition
tuberomammillary nucleus hypothalamus
Term
serotonin originates from
Definition
raphe nuclei
Term
calcium buildup from recent action potential causes increase in amplitude
Definition
synaptic facilitation
Term
reduced NT release due to sustained activity
Definition
synaptic depression
Term
these enhance the ability for calcium to help fuse vesicles with the membrane
Definition
potentiation and augmentation
Term
augmentation of potentiation? the quick one
Definition
augmentation
Term
less responsive to a repetitive stimulus because of less availbale NT vesicles
Definition
habituation
Term
reversing habituation by pairing a shock with a siphon touch. thatt'll get that reflex back up. be afraid!
Definition
sensitization
Term
both synapses strengthened when weak stimulation is paired with strong stimulation
Definition
associativity
Term
depression by having postsynaptic activity before presynaptic activity
Definition
spike timing dependent synaptic plasticity
Term
4 touch afferents
Definition
meissner merkel ruffini pacinian
Term
NT in retina
Definition
glutamate
Term
horizontal cells release this NT
Definition
GABA
Term
light reflex goes to
Definition
pretectum / edinger westphal nucleus
Term
circadian stuff goes to
Definition
suprachiasmatic nucleus
Term
eye and head movement goes to
Definition
superior colliculus
Term
visual info goes to
Definition
lateral geniculate nucleus
Term
moves stereocilia
Definition
tectoral membrane
Term
tallest stereocilia
Definition
kinocilium
Term
three openings in ear
Definition
scala vestibuli, media, tympani
Term
connects tops of stereocilia
Definition
tiplinks
Term
spongy bone above olfactory epithelium
Definition
cribriform plate
Term
transducers in olfactory
Definition
olfactory receptor neurons
Term
secretes mucus
Definition
bowmans glands
Term
main projection of olfactory
Definition
pyriform cortex
Term
secondary messengers of gprotein receptor for sweet, bitter, umami
Definition
TRPM5
Term
not recognizing visual stimuli coming from one side
Definition
contralateral neglect syndrome
Term
lesions in parietal association cortex equals deficits in ______
Definition
attention
Term
lesions in temporal association cortex equals deficits in _____
Definition
recognition
Term
disrecognition of faces
Definition
prosopagnosia
Term
lesions in the frontal association cortex equals deficits in _________
Definition
planning
Term
cant understand speech
Definition
wernicke's aphasia
Term
cant produce speech
Definition
broca's aphasia
Term
wakefulness area
Definition
reticular activating system
Term
tuberomammilary nuclues is origin of 2 NT
Definition
histimine and orexin
Term
inhibits wakefulness circuits
Definition
VLPO
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