Term
| Nasal cavity-pharynx-epiglottis-larynx-trachea-bronchi-lungs-alveolar ducts-alveolar sacs-alevoli |
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Definition
| The pathway of air through the respiratory system. |
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Term
| Closes over throat to make sure food doesn't go down airway. |
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Definition
| What does the epiglottis do? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| "Voice box"; sound producer |
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Definition
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Term
| It's the windpipe tube that connects larynx to the lungs. |
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Definition
| What does the trachea do? |
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Term
| Passageway of air that conducts it to the lungs. |
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Definition
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Term
| Primary gas exchange units of the lung |
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Definition
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Term
Breathing = The physical act of inhaling oxygen and releasing CO2
Respiration = The chemical gas exchange b/t air in the atomosphere and air into the cells |
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Definition
| What is the difference b/t respiration and breathing? |
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Term
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Definition
| What controls respiration? |
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Term
| Your diaphragm is in a dome-shape; when it is relaxed, it stays in the dome shape, and air is released from the lungs; when it contacts, it flattens, and air is inhaled. |
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Definition
| How does your diaphragm work? What happens when it contracts & relaxes? |
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Term
| They diffuse oxygen from lungs into the bloodstream, and carbon dixoide out of the bloostream and into the lungs to be exhaled. |
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Definition
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Term
| (oxygenated blood)lungs-capillaries-veins-venules-pulmonary vein-left atrium-left ventricle-aorta-body cells-(doexygentaed blood) capillaries-inferior vena cavae-right atrium-right ventricle-pulmonary artery-lungs |
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Definition
| What is the pathway blood follows in the heart? |
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Term
Oxygenated-diffused with oxygen
Deoxygenated-no oxygen |
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Definition
| Difference b/t oxygenated and deoxygenated blood? |
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Term
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Definition
| When the blood is in the right atrium, is it oxygenated or deoxygenated? |
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Term
Vein- oxygenated
Artery- deoxygenated |
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Definition
| If the blood is in a vein, is it doexygenated or oxygenated? Arteries? |
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Term
Oxygenated- enters left atrium, leaves left ventricle and aorta
Deoxygenated- enters right atrium, leaves right ventricle and pulmonary artery |
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Definition
| What chamber does blood first enter? What chamber and vessel does it leave from? |
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Term
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Definition
| What blood vessel brings blood back to the heart from the body? |
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Term
| Veins- carry blood to heart; Arteries- carry blood away from heart; Capillaries- microscopic vessels, one cell thick; Venules- slightly larger than capillaries; Arterioles- branch outs of arteries, into tissues. |
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Definition
| What are the differences b/t veins, arteries, capillaries, venules, and arterioles? |
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Term
| Aorta- LOTS of pressure; veins- not as much. |
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Definition
| The difference b/t pressure of blood in aorta vs. veins? |
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Term
| Prevent backflow into the heart. |
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Definition
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Term
| Systolic pressure/Diastolic Pressure |
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Definition
| How is blood pressure measured? |
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Term
| RBC; Iron containing proteins within RBC that help distribute oxygen to body cells |
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Definition
| What are erythrocytes? What is hemoglobin? |
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Term
| Systemic- delivers to all body cells and gets rid of wastes; Pulmonary- elliminates CO2 and oxygenizes blood |
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Definition
| Difference b/t systemic and pulmonary circulation? |
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Term
| Produces enzymes that break down fats, proteins, and carbs |
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Definition
| What does the pancreas do? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| What does the gallbladder do? |
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Term
| breaks down food through mechanical and chemical digestion; produces gastric juices |
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Definition
| What does the stomach do? |
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Term
| Tube b/t mouth and stomach |
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Definition
| What does the esophagus do? |
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Term
| Completes digestion; collects carbs and proteins w/ juices from pancreas, liver, and gallbladder. |
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Definition
| What does the small intestine do? |
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Term
| Absorbs water through walls; eliminates wastes through rectum. |
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Definition
| What does the large intestine do? |
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Term
| Eliminates wastes through anus. |
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Definition
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Term
| mouth-esophagus-stomach-small intestine-large intestine-rectum-anus |
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Definition
| Pathway of food through digestive system... |
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Term
| Bile breaks down fats; liver produces it, gallbladder stores it |
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Definition
| What is the role of bile, what organ produces it, and which one stores it? |
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Term
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Definition
| Where does chemical AND mechanical digestion take place? |
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Term
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Definition
| Name some enzymes that break food down... |
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Term
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Definition
| Where are proteins first broken down, and by what enzyme? |
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Term
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Definition
| What are the 3 sections of the small intestine, in order. |
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Term
| They keep other bacteria from forming in the large intestine, and produce vitamins B & K. |
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Definition
| What is the function of anaerobic bacteria in the large intesine? |
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Term
| In the small intestine, they collect nutrients, proteins, etc. from food and diffuse it into the bloodstream. They are the link b/t the resp. and digest. system. |
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Definition
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Term
| Muscle contractions that help move food through the digestive system. |
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Definition
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Term
| A chemical secreted by the endocrine glands; give instructions on growth/development to cells |
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Definition
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Term
| A gland controlled by the hypothalamus, that, when stimulated by the hypothalamus, secretes hormones to stimulate other glands. |
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Definition
| What is the pituitary gland, and what stimulates it? |
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Term
| Hormones are carried in the bloodstream to target cells on nuclei called receptors. |
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Definition
| How are hormones carried, and to where? |
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Term
| Insulin is released from the pancreas when blood glucose is too high; it tells other liver and muscle cells to take in glucose to equal it out. |
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Definition
| What does insulin do? When and where is it released? |
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Term
| If glucose is too low, the liver secretes glucagon which in turn tells liver cells to release glycogen which acts as glucose. |
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Definition
| What does the pancreas do if glucose is too low? |
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Term
| It is located on top of the kidneys, and the outer portion secretes aldosterone, while the inner portion speeds up blood rate and contracts muscle cells with adrenaline, getting them ready for "fight or flight". |
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Definition
| Where is the adrenal gland, and what does it produce? |
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Term
| It is located in the neck and it regulates metabolism, growth, and development. |
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Definition
| What does the thyroid gland do? |
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Term
| To filter blood (plasma) and remoe toxins. |
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Definition
| What is the function of the kidneys? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the functional unit of a kidney? |
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Term
| main filter of the nephron; located in Bowman's Capsule; semipermeable to water and sodium; filters bloods plasma and its contents (water, sodium, amino acids, and glucose), but DOES NOT filter red blood cells |
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Definition
| What does the glomerulus do? |
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Term
| allows filtrate to flow through it, and sodium, water, amino acids, and glucose are reabsorbed |
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Definition
| What does the proximal convoluted tube do? |
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Term
| Descending and Ascending limbs |
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Definition
| What does the loop of henle contain? |
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Term
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Definition
| What does the descending limb do? |
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Term
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Definition
| What does the ascending limb do? |
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Term
| where potassium and aditonal toxins are secreted; addtional water and sodium are reabsorbed |
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Definition
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Term
| connects nephron to ureters; permeable to water in presence of ADH. |
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Definition
| What does the collecting duct do? |
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Term
Reabsorption- proximal convoluted tubule and distal convoluted tubule
Secretion- collecting duct
Filitration- Glomerus/Bowman's Capsule |
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Definition
Where does reabsorption take place?
Where does secretion and filtration take place? |
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Term
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Definition
| What do the kidney's produce? Where is it stored? |
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Term
| They connect the kidneys to the bladder and transport urine |
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Definition
| What is the function of the ureters? |
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Term
| Tube that carries urine from bladder, out of the body. |
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Definition
| What is the function of the urethra? |
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