Term
Molecules that contain primarily hydrogen and carbon. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| molecules that have the same molecular formulas but different molecular structures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| differ in arrangements of atoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Differ in atomic spatial arrangement around a double bond |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Molecules that are mirror images of each other |
|
|
Term
H H H H
| | | |
H-C-C-C-C-H
| | | |
H H H H
What bond is this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
HO OH
\ /
C = C
/ \
H H
What bond is this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hydrogen Atom bonded to an oxygen atom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Carbon Atom bonded to an oxygen atom
It is found at the end of a carbon chain
if it isnt found first or last on a carbon chain, it is a ketone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An oxygen atom that is double bonded to a carbon atom. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms.
Molecules containing only an Amino group are called Amines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of ATP? |
|
Definition
| The Cell is able to couple the hydrolysis of ATP to a non-spontaneous reaction or a reaction requiring energy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom.
molecules that contain sulfhydryl groups are known as thiols |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Phosphate atom bounded to four (4) Oxygen atoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a chemical agent that changes the rate of reaction without being consumed by the reactions
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The linking of smaller molecules so as to form larger chains. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Subunits of polymers that have joined together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Each participating molecule joined together through the loss of water.[image] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
[image]
Polymers that are broken apart into monomers. |
|
|
Term
| What do Carbohydrates molecules include? |
|
Definition
| They include Sugars, Starch, cellulose, chitin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| two monosaccharides joined together with dehydration synthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when 100 or more monosaccharides are joined together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Monosaccharides that are the major nutrients for the cell. |
|
|
Term
| Define: ATP (what ATP stands for and what it is) |
|
Definition
| Adenosine triphosphate. It is the energy that is made by the Mitochondria. Consists of an adenine bound to a ribose sugar and a chain of three phosphate groups. the bonds between the phosphate groups are unstable and can be broken through hydrolysis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Two glucose molecules joined together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Glucose and Galactose joined together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Glucose joined to a Fructose (Table sugar) |
|
|
Term
| The two types of Polysaccharides |
|
Definition
Storage polysaccharides- Stored for energy
Structural polysaccharides- Cannot be digested by animals and consists of cellulose and chitin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Major component of the plant cell wall. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| important in construction of insect exo-skeletons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A chain of glucose molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Starch structures in the cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stored in liver and muscle cells. Branched polymer of glucose. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fats, steroids, and phospholipids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carbon chain with one or two double bonds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| two fatty acids and a phosphate group linked to a glycerol molecule. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Polymers that are constructed from twenty different monomers called amino acids. |
|
|
Term
| What are the three major stages of Cellular Resperation? |
|
Definition
1. Glycolysis (Cytoplasm)
2. Krebs Cycle (Mitochondria)
3. Electron Transport Chain (Mitochondria) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process of which a glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process of which a glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Glucose is split into two, three carbon sugars that are rearranged to form two molecules of pyruvate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell. |
|
|
Term
| Define: Selectively Permeable |
|
Definition
| Only allow specific substances into and out of the cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Duel hydrophilic and Hydrophobic nature. |
|
|
Term
| Describe the three ways Membrane Fluidity is maintained |
|
Definition
1. Lateral movement in the phospholipids.
2. The "kinking" of the unsaturated fatty acid tails of the phospholipids.
3. The presence of cholesterol molecules prevents the close grouping of the phospholipids. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Transverse the membrane. The Hydrophobic regions interact with the lipid tails of the phospholipids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Do not transverse the Membrane but are found to be associated with the surface of the membrane. typically attached to an exposed portion of an Integral Protein. |
|
|
Term
| What is a hypotonic solution |
|
Definition
| less solute, more free water |
|
|
Term
| What is a hypertonic solution? |
|
Definition
| More Solute, Less free water |
|
|
Term
| what is an Isotonic solution? |
|
Definition
| Equal Solute and free water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
