Illegal acts by illegal organizations are referred to as _________.

Organized Crimes

Which of the following is an example of a white-collar crime?

Bribery

Federalism refers to ____________. 

a shared of government powers by Federal and State Authorities

The constitution gives the Federal government certain express powers, including all except:

Police Powers

What level of law enforcement divides duties between counties and municipalities? 

Local

Wildlife wardens, alcohol and beverage control agents, fire marshals are examples of law enforcement officers at the ______ level.

State

__________ investigate most crimes and attempt to deter crime through patrol activites. 

Local Police

The Bureau of Alcohol (ATF),  DEA, US Secret Service are ___________. 

Federal 

The United States has a _________ court system. 

Dual

Once the court system convicts and sentences an offender, she or he is delegated to the ______ system.

Corrections

Most common correctional treatment, which allows the offender to return to the community and remain under the supervision of the agent of the court, is:

Probation

______ house those convicted of more serious crimes with longer sentences.

Prisons

The UCR is prepared annually by the _______.

FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation)

The UCR is comprised of agency data which represents ______ of the American population.

95%

In the 1980's the department of Justice began seeking was to improve its data system. The result was the ____________

NIBRS

(National Incident Based Report System)

T or F??

The dark figure of crime refers to those offenses that are committed, but are unknown to police.

True

T or F??

There are currently no theories that associate physical chracteristics with criminality.

False

The ________ is the supreme law land, and as such is the basis of all law is the United States.

U.S. Constitution

The primary legal function of the law is: 

to maintain social order by protecting citizens from criminal harm.

In a civil case, the injured party is called the _______. 

Plaintiff

In a criminal case, the burden of proof is:

Beyond a reasonable doubt

Crimes punishable by death or imprisonment in a federal prison for 1 year or more, are _______.

Felonies

A homocide that results from the offender's carelessness, when the offender didn't have malice aforethought.

Involuntary Manslaughter

A wrongful mental state or intent, is known as: ______.

Mens Rea

The guilty act in a criminal offense is refferred to as: ________. 

Actus Rea

As dissussed in the textbook, Corpus Deliti refers to: _________. 

the basic elements of crime

A crime in which the defendant is guilty regardless of his or her state of mind at the time of the act is known as: _______. 

Strict Liability Crime

T or F??

Involuntary intoxication is a valid criminal offense.

True

T or F??

Entrapment is a justification defense in which the offender claims he or she was induced to commit the crime by public officials.

True

T or F??

Due process is addressed in the fifth and fourth amendment.

True

Early policing efforts were the most part performed by _______.

Volunteers

In which city was the first organized police department formed?

Boston 

Many of our American policing institutions have their _______.

English Traditions

The community era of policing began in the year: ______.

1968

The 3rd era in American policing ______, way have started with several government initiatives including the Street Crime Act. 

Community era

The use of force by police officers occurs in about ___ percent of all police-public encounters. 

1

When police officers accept free gifts from citzens (a passive form of corruption) this is called ________. 

Mooching

T or F??

Diversity in police departments leads to improved community relations. 

True

The purpose of a "frisk" is to discover _______.

weapons

A(n) ________ is taking into custody of a citizen for the purpose of detaining him or her on a criminal charge. 

Arrest

A(n) _______ is the process by which police examine a person or property for evidence to use in a trial. 

search

A(n) _________ is a written order, based on probable cause and issued by a judge or magistrate, commanding that police officers or criminal investigators search a specific person, place, or property to obtain evidence. 

search warrant