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| text file created by a Web site and stored on a visitor's hard disk |
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| Virtual private network (VPN) |
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| a network that controls access to an extranet using encryption and authentication technology |
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determines if the characters in the field are of the proper type
Example: if you are using numeric data, a field check would pick up on alphabetic characters entered by mistake |
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| determines if data have the appropriate arithmetic sign |
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| tests a numerical amount to ensure that it does not exceed a predetermined value |
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| like a limit check except that it has both upper and lower limits |
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| ensures that the input data will fit into the assigned field |
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| determines if all required data have been items have been entered |
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| compares the ID code or account number in transaction data with similar data in the master file to verify that the account exists |
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| determines the correctness of the logical relationship between two data items |
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| edit check in which a check digit is recalculated to verify that an error has not been made |
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| a digit in a data field that provides info about the other digits in the data field. Used to check for error or loss of characters in the data field |
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| tests if a batch of input data is in the proper numerical or alphabetical sequence |
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| record of data input and data processing errors |
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| sums of the instances of numerical items, calculated for a batch of documents. These totals are calculated before processing the batch and are compared with machine-generated totals after they are processed to check for accuracy |
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| batch total that sums a field that contains dollar values |
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| batch total that sums a nonfinancial numeric field |
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| batch total that sums the number of records in a batch |
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| online processing data entry control in which the system requests each input data item and waits for and acceptable response |
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| online data entry control where a system displays a document with highlighted blank spaces and waits for the data to be entered |
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| online data entry control that checks the accuracy of input data by using it to retrieve and display other related information |
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| online data entry control that includes a detailed record of all transaction data |
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| located at the beginning of each file and contains the file name, expiration date, and other identification data. |
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| located at the end of the file and contains the batch totals calculated during input |
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| error in which two digits were accidentally reversed. If a financial or hash total discrepancy is divisible by 9, there is probably a transposition error. |
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| cross-footing balance test |
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| worksheet data are totaled across and down. Then, total of the horizontal totals is compared to the vertical totals to ensure that the worksheet balances |
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| internal check that requires the balance of an account to be zero after all entries to it have been made |
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| concurrent update controls |
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| protect records from errors that occur when two or more users attempt to update the same record simultaneously |
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| bit added to a byte then magnetized as needed to ensure that there is always and odd (or even) number of magnetized bits. The computer used the parity scheme to check the accuracy of each item of data |
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| verifying that there are the proper number of bits set to the value 1 in each character received |
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| verifies transmitted data by haaving the receiving device send the message back to the sending device so that the message received can be compared with the message sent |
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| capability of a system to continue performing when there is a hardware failure |
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| uninterruptible power supply (UPS) |
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| system that provides protection in the event of a prolonged power outage, uses battery power to keep the system going long enough to back up critical data and safely shut down |
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| an exact copy of the most current version of a database, file, or software program |
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| the process of installing the backup copy for use |
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| copying only the data items that have changed since the last backup |
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| copies all changes made since the last full backup |
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| involves maintaining two copies of the database at two separate data centers at all times and updating both copies in real-time as each transaction occurs. |
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| a copy of the database at a point in time |
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| copy of a database, master file, or software that will be retained indefinitely as a historical record, usually to satisfy legal and regulatory requirements |
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| recovery time objective (RTO) |
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| represents the time following a disaster by which the organization's information system must be available again |
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| an empty building that is prewired for necessary telephone and internet access, plus a contract with one or more vendors to provide all necessary computer and other office equipment within a specified period of time |
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| facility that is prewired for telephone and internet access and also contains all the computing and office equipment the organization needs to perform its essential business activities |
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| recovery point objective (RPO) |
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Definition
| the length of time between the last backup and the time that an incident occurred. RPO represents the period of time for which management is willing to have to reenter, if possible, data about past transactions |
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