Shared Flashcard Set

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Air Force ROTC Sophomore Class
Terminology to the Interwar Years
60
Other
Not Applicable
10/30/2003

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Cards

Term
Air and Space Power defined.
Definition
The integrated application of air and space systems to project global strategic military power.
Term
Core Competencies
Definition
Developing Airmen, Technology-to-warfighting, Integrating operations
Term
Examples of air and space power functions (i.e. missions)?
Definition
Counterair, Counterspace, Counterland, Countersea, Strategic Attack, Counterinformation, Command & Control, Airlift, Air Refueling, Spacelift, Special Operations Employment, Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance, Combat Search and Rescue, Navigation & Positioning, Weather Services
Term
Air and Space Doctrine defined.
Definition
Guidance or advice on how best to use air and space power.
Term
Principles of War
Definition
Objective, Offense, Mass, Economy of Force, Maneuver, Unity of Command, Security, Surprise, Simplicity
Term
Tenets of Air and Space Power
Definition
Centralized Control and Decentralized Execution, Flexibility and Versatility, Synergistic Effects, Concentration, Priority, Persistence, Balance
Term
The French first used Balloons at Maubege for what mission?
Definition
Reconnaissance
Term
How many balloons weer delivered to the Army in WWI for recon?
Definition
500
Term
What battle in 1898 did the balloon play a part in?
Definition
Battle of San Juan Hill, Cuba
Term
When did was the balloon used as a morale booster?
Definition
During the Siege of Paris in 1870-71 (to deliver mail, and means of escape)
Term
How many Japanese balloon bombs reached North American during WWII?
Definition
900-1000
Term
Were commanders enthusiastic about using balloons for dropping bombs and directing fire?
Definition
No
Term
Zeppelins are what type of aircraft?
Definition
Lighter-than-air, dirigible
Term
The Germans used dirigibles to bomb England duing WWI, did the British ever accomplish the same mission against the Fatherland?
Definition
No, they built two dirigibles to bomb Berlin, but they did not have the chance to fly because the war ended.
Term
The German Navy used the Dirigible in WWI to accomplish which mission?
Definition
Fly observation cover over their surface fleet
Term
Who influenced the Army's less than supportive response to the Wright Brothers' airplane because of his own failed efforts at building a flying machine?
Definition
Samuel P. Langley
Term
Which countries were very enthusiastic about the Wright Brothers' invention?
Definition
Great Britain and France
Term
What were the requirements for the first military aircraft in Signal Corps' Specification No. 486?
Definition
Speed of 40 mph, could carry two persons with a combined weight of 350 lbs., carry fuel for a 125-mile nonstop flight, controllable in any direction, capable of a 1 hour flight, land at its takeoff point without damage so it could resume flight immediately, be able to be taken apart and reassembled within one hour, be able to land on an unprepared field
Term
What did the Wright Brothers see their invention as initially?
Definition
A contribution to international communications, trade, and good will
Term
Are you tired of studying?
Definition
Hopefully not yet!
Term
The first use of an airplane as a weapon came in a conflict between which two countries in what year?
Definition
Italy and Libya, 1911
Term
When was the first US deployment of airplanes in warfare?
Definition
1916, in pursuit of Pancho Villa
Term
Was the air service prepared for WWI?
Definition
Not at all
Term
The aviation section of the Air Corps had ___ pilots and less than ___ airplanes in April 1917 (none of these combat ready.
Definition
56, 250
Term
Early in WWI, what was the airplane primarily used for?
Definition
Reconnaissance and artillery spotting
Term
What principle of air and space came out of WWI when each side tried to deny the other's recon operations?
Definition
Air Superiority
Term
Not only did airplanes provide recon and armed escorting, they also developed _________ ____ ________ in WWI, attacking enemy targets near friendly forces on the ground.
Definition
Close Air Support
Term
Definition of Strategic Bombing
Definition
Strikes deep into enemy territory designed to destroy or neutralize the enemy's war sustaining capablility or will to fight.
Term
The British used stategic bombing in what ways?
Definition
Destroy Zeppelin sheds and railroad stations, bombing industrial targets
Term
Key beliefs of Gen. Guilio Douhet
Definition
Wars would be won in the air, and armies and fleets would only be necessary if "army of the air" was not strong enough, air weapons should be used in strategic bombing, air superiority could be obtained by destroying the enemy's ground support organization, bomber was the primary aircraft
Term
Key beliefs of Gen. Billy Mitchell
Definition
Aviation was the revolutionary weapon (i.e. Battleship is obsolete), the main objective of war is attack enemy's economic and industrial stucture, can destroy enemy's morale and economic structure with modest level of bombing, Advocated total war, first to discuss application of air power in global terms
Term
What was the U.S.'s mood after WWI?
Definition
Tired of war, did not want to get involved in Europe's problems, isolationist, view of the military diminished (military budget slashed)
Term
In 1918 there were ______ Army Air Service officers. In 1919, there were ___.
Definition
20,000, 200
Term
What was Gen. Billy Mitchell's contribution to the establishment of an independent Air Force?
Definition
Mitchell was conviced the airplane would change the way nations conducted war, believed the Air Service was an offensive force, deserved of equal status with the Army and Navy, unsuccessfully lobbied for a separate air service, helped influence the passage of the Army Reorganization Act of 1920, which raised the stature of the Air Service in the Army, believed Navy was obsolete (showed it by destroying three battleships), focused attention on airpower and forced people to accept potential of airpower, mentored many officers who would carry on his work.
Term
What was the original purpose of the Air Corps Tactical School (ACTS)?
Definition
To teach air strategy and tactics
Term
What purpose did ACTS eventually develop into?
Definition
Development and teaching of air doctrine
Term
What principles did ACTS most stress?
Definition
Strategic bombing, need for a separate air force
Term
What were some of the key theories professed by ACTS in the 1930s?
Definition
Air Service should be equal to the sea and ground services, future war would be decided by airpower and the airplane would be the major offensive weapon in modern warfare, high-altitude bombers could attack in daylight in large formations with precise accuracy. They could defeat the enemy without heavy losses, placed little emphasis on pursuit and attack aviation.
Term
What was the significance of the Army Reorganization Act of 1920?
Definition
Air Service was made a part of the combat mision of the Army, Air Service gained considerable autonomy in areas of research and development, aircraft supply and personnel, and training policies
Term
What was the significance of the Air Corps Act of 1926?
Definition
Name of the Air Service was changed to the Air Corps, which implied the Air Coprs was capable of independent operations, began a 5 year expansion of personnel and aircraft
Term
What was the significance of the General Headquarters Air Force, which was established in 1935?
Definition
Placed all tactical units under Commander GHQ, made Air Corps commander responsible for supply, procurement, and training functions, adn recognized an independent aviation branch within the Army
Term
Combat Search and rescue: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
mission
Term
Spacelift: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
mission
Term
Weather Services: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
mission
Term
Guidance or advice on how best to use air and space power is what?
Definition
Air and Space Doctrine
Term
Offense: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
principle of war
Term
Unity of Command: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
priciple of war
Term
Objective: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
principle of war
Term
Simplicity: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
principle of war
Term
Centralized control and decentralized execution: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
tenet
Term
synergistic effects: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
tenet
Term
Persistence: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
tenet
Term
Concentration: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
tenet
Term
Flexibility and versatility: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
tenet
Term
Priority: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
tenet
Term
Developing Airmen: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
core competency
Term
Technology-to-warfighting: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
core competency
Term
Integrating operations:core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
core competency
Term
Airlift: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
mission
Term
Mass: core competency, mission, priciple of war, or tenet of air and space power?
Definition
priciple of war
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