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Definition
| First Model Tenement 1855. In 1855, the first model tenement was built in New York City. |
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| Zion Cooperative Mercantile Institution 1868. The Zion’s Cooperative Mercantile Institution was founded by Bringham Young as a way to decrease dependence on outside goods. |
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Term
| Planned Suburban Community |
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Definition
| Riverside, IL 1868. Riverside was the first planned suburban community stressing rural as opposed to urban amenities. Designed by Frederich Law Olmsted, Sr. and Calvert Vaux as a garden suburb, giving primacy to parks and greenways. Residents could commute by rail to Chicago. |
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| Yellowstone National Park 1872. Yellowstone was the first national park, and is known for its wildlife and its many geothermal features. Grizzlies, wolves, and free-ranging herds of bison and elk live in the park. |
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| First Skyscraper 1885. The availability of steel and the construction of the first safety elevator in NY, the high-rise building in Chicago was made feasible. |
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| First Subway 1897. The Boston Common was the first subway line in the United States, in 1897. The subway was built to eliminate trolley congestion on downtown streets. |
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| Letchworth, England 1903. First English Garden City. |
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Definition
| Pelican Island 1903. Established by an executive order of President Theodore Roosevelt on March 14, 1903 to protect the Brown Pelican, Pelican Island was the first national wildlife refuge in the United States. |
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Term
| National Conference on City Planning |
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Definition
| First National Conference on City Planning 1909. The conference, held in Washington DC in 1909, brought together the leaders of the housing and city planning movements. |
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Term
| Formal instruction in city planning |
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Definition
| Wacker’s Manual if the Plan of Chicago 1912. In 1912, Walter Moody published Wacker’s Manual of the Plan of Chicago, adopted as an eighth-grade textbook by the Chicago Board of Education. This is the first known formal instruction in city planning below the college level. |
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Term
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Definition
| New York City Zoning Resolution 1916. The first zoning ordinance in the US was enacted in New York primarily to stop massive buildings such as the Equitable Building from preventing light and air from reaching the streets below. The ordinance covered the entire city and controlled land use, building height and setbacks. Drafted by attorney Edward Bassett. |
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Term
| Full Time Planner employed by an American City |
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Definition
| First Full Time Planner 1916. Harland Bartholomew was the first full time planner employed by an American City, St. Louis. He developed many of the early comprehensive plans. |
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Term
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Definition
| First President of the AIP 1917. Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr. was the first president of the AIP, which was the forerunner of the AICP. |
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Term
| Historic Preservation Commission |
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Definition
| French Quarter (Vieux Carre) 1921. Designated the first historic preservation commission in 1921 with the purpose of preserving the commercial tourism value of the area. |
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Term
| Regional Planning Commission |
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Definition
| First Regional Planning Commission 1922. Established in LA, the 1922 regional planning commission was the first in the US. |
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Term
| Off street parking requriements |
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Definition
| First Off-Street Parking Requirements 1923. The first off-street parking requirements were developed in Columbus Ohio in 1923. |
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Term
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Definition
| First Issue of City Planning 1925. In 1925, the American City Planning Institute and the National Conference on City Planning published the first issue of City Planning, the predecessor to the current Journal of the American Planning Association. |
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Term
| Officially Adopted Plan by a Major City |
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Definition
| Cincinnati Plan 1925. The Cincinnati Plan, under the direction of Alfred Bettman and Ladislas Segoe, was the first to be officially adopted by a major American City. It was broader than previous plans, including information about housing, recreation, garbage, schools and financing. |
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Term
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Definition
| First Limited Access Highway 1926. Designed by Robert Moses, and constructed in 1926, the Bronx River Parkway in Westchester County, NY was the first limited access highway. |
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Term
| Historic Preservation Ordinance |
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Definition
| Charleston, SC 1931. First city to enact a Historic Preservation Ordinance, which can protect landmarks, entire historic districts or both and typically regulate the design of new construction as well as changes to existing structures. |
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Term
| Multifunctional Regional Authority |
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Definition
| TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority) 1933. The TVA is a political entity, created to provide for unified and multipurpose rehabilitation and redevelopment of the Tennessee Valley, America’s most famous experiment in river-basin planning. |
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Term
| Federally Supported Public Housing Program |
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Definition
| Public Works Administration 1933. The administration used the construction of public works projects as a means of providing employment, stabilizing purchasing power and improving the public welfare. The PWA provided 85 percent of the cost of public housing projects. This represented the first federally supported public housing program. The administration was abolished in 1941 during WWII. |
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Term
| Privately financed planned community. |
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Definition
| Park Forest, IL 1947. Park Forest was the first privately financed, completely planned community ever built in the US. It was a post WWII planned suburb with a range of housing types. |
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Term
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Definition
| Atlanta Metropolitan Council 1949. The Council was the first regional planning agency. |
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Term
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Definition
| Kentucky Urban Growth Boundary 1958. Lexington and Fayette County enacted the first urban growth boundary in 1958. |
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Term
| Comprehensive Planning Textbook |
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Definition
| The Urban General Plan 1964. This was the first comprehensive planning textbook, written by T.J. Kent, Jr. |
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Definition
| AIP Code of Ethics. In 1971, AIP adopted a Code of Ethics for professional planners. |
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Term
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Definition
| First AICP Exam. In 1977, the first exam for AIP membership was administered. |
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Term
| Legislative Response to Homelessness |
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Definition
| Stewart B. McKinney Act 1987. The act established a federal definition of homelessness and provided assistance to homeless people. It was the first legislative response to homelessness and established the continuum of care. |
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