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AHS 102 Chapter 1
Medical Terminology Chapter 1
200
Health Care
Undergraduate 1
01/15/2021

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Term
-a (singular)
Definition
-ae (plural)
Term
-ac
Definition
adjectival suffix meaning "pertaining to"
Term
-al
Definition
pertaining to
Term
-algia
Definition
pain and suffering
Term
-centesis
Definition
surgical puncture to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes or to remove excess fluid
Term
-cyte
Definition
cell
Term
-dynia
Definition
pain (same as -algia, just not used as often)
Term
-ectomy
Definition
surgical removal
Term
-ex (singular)
Definition
-ix (plural)
Term
-gram
Definition
a picture or record
Term
-graphy
Definition
the process of producing a picture or record
Term
-is (singular)
Definition
-es (plural)
Term
-itis
Definition
inflammation or infection
Term
-itis (singular)
Definition
-ides (plural)
Term
-malacia
Definition
abnormal softening (opposite of -sclerosis)
Term
-megaly
Definition
enlargement
Term
-necrosis
Definition
tissue death
Term
-nx (singular)
Definition
-ges (plural)
Term
-ologist
Definition
specialist
Term
-ology
Definition
the study of
Term
-oma
Definition
tumor
Term
-on (singular)
Definition
-a (plural)
Term
-osis
Definition
abnormal condition or disease
Term
-ostomy
Definition
surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface
Term
-otomy
Definition
cutting or surgical incision
Term
-pathy
Definition
disease
Term
-plasty
Definition
surgical repair
Term
-rrhage
Definition
bleeding, usually sudden, severe bleeding
Term
-rrhagia
Definition
bleeding, usually sudden, severe bleeding
Term
-rrhaphy
Definition
suturing to close a wound and includes the use of sutures, staples, or surgical glue
Term
-rrhea
Definition
flow or discharge and refers to flow of most body fluids
Term
-rrhexis
Definition
rupture
Term
-sclerosis
Definition
abnormal hardening (opposite of -malacia)
Term
-scopy
Definition
visual examination
Term
-stenosis
Definition
abnormal narrowing
Term
-um
Definition
suffix changing the root word into a noun
Term
-um (singular)
Definition
-a (plural)
Term
-us (singular)
Definition
-i (plural)
Term
ab-
Definition
from, away from, or off
Term
abdomin(o)-
Definition
abdomen
Term
abdominocentesis
Definition
surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid
Term
abnormal
Definition
not normal or away from normal
Term
acronym
Definition
word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term
Term
acute
Definition
rapid onset, a severe course, and a relatively short duration
Term
ad-
Definition
toward or in the direction of
Term
addiction
Definition
drawn toward or a strong dependence on a drug or substance
Term
angi(o)-
Definition
blood vessels
Term
angiogram
Definition
the film produced by angiography
Term
angiography
Definition
process of producing a radiographic (x-ray) study of the blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium to make these blood vessels visible
Term
append-
Definition
appendix
Term
appendectomy
Definition
surgical removal of the appendix
Term
appendic-
Definition
appendix
Term
appendicitis
Definition
inflammation of the appendix
Term
arteri(o)-
Definition
artery
Term
arteriomalacia
Definition
abnormal softening of the walls of an artery/arteries
Term
arterionecrosis
Definition
tissue death of an artery or arteries
Term
arteriosclerosis
Definition
abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries (opposite of -malacia)
Term
arteriostenosis
Definition
abnormal narrowing of an artery or arteries
Term
arthr(o)-
Definition
joint
Term
arthralgia
Definition
pain in a joint or joints
Term
arthroscopy
Definition
visual examination of the internal structure of a joint
Term
ather(o)-
Definition
plaque or fatty substance
Term
atheroma
Definition
fatty deposit within the wall of an artery
Term
cardi(o)-
Definition
heart
Term
cardiac
Definition
pertaining to the heart
Term
chronic
Definition
long duration, can be controlled but rarely cured
Term
col-
Definition
colon
Term
colostomy
Definition
surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface
Term
colotomy
Definition
surgical incision into the colon
Term
combining form
Definition
word root with vowel at the end so that a suffix beginning with a consonant can be added
Term
crani(o)-
Definition
skull
Term
cranium
Definition
portion of the skull that encloses the brain
Term
cyan(o)-
Definition
blue
Term
cyanosis
Definition
blue discoloration of the skin caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood
Term
dermat-
Definition
skin
Term
dermatologist
Definition
physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin
Term
dia-
Definition
through
Term
diagnose
Definition
is the process of reaching a diagnosis
Term
diagnosis
Definition
identification of a disease
Term
diarrhea
Definition
frequent flow of loose or watery stools
Term
differential diagnosis
Definition
known as rule out (R/O) - attempt to determine which one of several diseases can be producing the signs and symptoms that are present
Term
dys-
Definition
bad, difficult, or painful
Term
dysfunctional
Definition
an organ or body part that is not working properly
Term
edema
Definition
sign of inflammation or swelling
Term
end-
Definition
within
Term
endarterial
Definition
pertaining to the interior or lining of an artery
Term
enter(o)-
Definition
small intestine
Term
eponym
Definition
disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered or prescribed it first
Term
erythema
Definition
sign of inflammation - redness
Term
erythr(o)-
Definition
red
Term
erythrocyte
Definition
mature red blood cell
Term
eu-
Definition
good, normal, well or easy
Term
euthyroid
Definition
a normally functioning thyroid gland
Term
exudate
Definition
fluid, such as pus, that leaks out of an infected wound
Term
fissure
Definition
a groove or crack-like sore of the skin (or normal folds in the contours of the brain)
Term
fistula
Definition
abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs, or leading from an organ to the surface of the body
Term
gastr(o)-
Definition
stomach
Term
gastralgia
Definition
pain in the stomach - stomach ache
Term
gastritis
Definition
inflammation of the stomach
Term
gastrodynia
Definition
pain in the stomach, stomach ache
Term
gastroenteritis
Definition
inflammation of the stomach and small intestine
Term
gastrosis
Definition
any disease of the stomach
Term
hem(o)-
Definition
blood
Term
hemorrhage
Definition
loss of a large amount of blood in a short time
Term
hepat(o)-
Definition
liver
Term
hepatomegaly
Definition
abnormal enlargement of the liver
Term
hyper-
Definition
excessive or increased
Term
hypertension
Definition
higher than normal blood pressure
Term
hyperthermia
Definition
sign of inflammation - heat
Term
hypo-
Definition
deficient or decreased
Term
hypotension
Definition
lower than normal blood pressure
Term
ileum
Definition
last and longest portion of the small intestine
Term
ilium
Definition
part of the hip bone
Term
infection
Definition
the invasion of the body by a pathogenic (disease producing) organism
Term
inflammation
Definition
localized response to an injury or destruction of tissues
Term
inter-
Definition
between or among
Term
interstitial
Definition
between, but not within, the part of a tissue
Term
intra-
Definition
within or inside
Term
intramuscular
Definition
within the muscle
Term
laceration
Definition
torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut wound
Term
laryng(o)-
Definition
larynx and throat
Term
lesion
Definition
pathologic change of the tissue due to disease or injury
Term
leuk(o)-
Definition
white
Term
leukocyte
Definition
white blood cell
Term
lith
Definition
stone
Term
lithotomy
Definition
surgical incision for the removal of a stone (or an examination position in which patient is lying on the back with the feet and legs raised and supported in stirrups)
Term
malaise
Definition
feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness that is often the first indication of an infection or other disease
Term
melan(o)-
Definition
black
Term
melanosis
Definition
any condition of unusual deposits of black pigment in body tissues or organs
Term
mucous
Definition
the specialized mucous membranes that line the body cavities
Term
mucus
Definition
the name of the fluid secreted by the mucous membranes
Term
my(o)-
Definition
muscle
Term
myc(o)-
Definition
fungus
Term
mycosis
Definition
abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus
Term
myel(o)-
Definition
bone marrow or spinal cord
Term
myelopathy
Definition
pathologic change or disease of the bone marrow or spinal cord
Term
myopathy
Definition
pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue
Term
myoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of a muscle
Term
myorrhaphy (my-OR-ah-fee)
Definition
surgical suturing of a muscle wound
Term
myorrhexis
Definition
rupture of a muscle
Term
nat
Definition
birth
Term
natal
Definition
pertaining to birth
Term
neo-
Definition
new
Term
neonatology
Definition
study of disorders of the newborn
Term
neur(o)-
Definition
nerve
Term
neuritis
Definition
inflammation of a nerve or nerves
Term
neuroplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the nerve
Term
objective
Definition
it can be evaluated or measured by the patient or others
Term
oste(o)-
Definition
bone
Term
ot(o)-
Definition
ear
Term
otolaryngology
Definition
study of ears and larynx or throat
Term
otorhinolaryngology
Definition
study of ears, nose, and throat
Term
pain
Definition
sign of inflammation
Term
palpation
Definition
examination technique in which the examiner's hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts
Term
palpitation
Definition
pounding or racing heart
Term
path-
Definition
disease
Term
pathology
Definition
study of all aspects of diseases
Term
peri-
Definition
surrounding
Term
perinatal
Definition
time and events surrounding birth
Term
phalanges
Definition
bones of the fingers and toes (singular, phalanx)
Term
poli(o)-
Definition
gray
Term
poliomyelitis
Definition
viral infection of the gray matter of the spinal cord
Term
post-
Definition
after
Term
postnatal
Definition
time and events after birth
Term
pre-
Definition
before
Term
prefix
Definition
usually indicates location, time, number, or status
Term
prenatal
Definition
time and events before birth
Term
prognosis
Definition
prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disorder
Term
prostate
Definition
male gland that lies under the urinary bladder and surrounds the urethra
Term
prostrate
Definition
to collapse and be lying flat or to be overcome with exhaustion
Term
py(o)-
Definition
pus
Term
pyel(o)-
Definition
renal pelvis (part of the kidney)
Term
pyelitis
Definition
inflammation of the renal pelvis
Term
pyoderma
Definition
any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection such as impetigo
Term
pyr(o)-
Definition
fever of fire
Term
pyrosis
Definition
discomfort due to the regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus (heartburn)
Term
remission
Definition
temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure
Term
rhin(o)-
Definition
nose
Term
rhin(o)-
Definition
nose
Term
sign
Definition
objective evidence of disease such as fever
Term
sub-
Definition
under, less, or below
Term
subcostal
Definition
below a rib or ribs
Term
subjective
Definition
it can be evaluated or measured only by the patient
Term
suffix
Definition
usually indicates the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease
Term
super-
Definition
above or excessive
Term
supination (soo-pih-NAY-shun)
Definition
the act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward
Term
suppuration (sup-you-RAY-shun)
Definition
formation or discharge of pus
Term
supra-
Definition
above or excessive
Term
supracostal
Definition
above or outside the ribs
Term
symptom
Definition
subjective evidence of a disease, such as pain or a headache
Term
syndrome
Definition
set of the signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process
Term
tonsill(o)-
Definition
tonsils
Term
tonsillectomy
Definition
surgical removal of the tonsils
Term
tonsillitis
Definition
inflammation of the tonsils
Term
trauma
Definition
wound or injury
Term
triage
Definition
medical screening of patient to determine their relative priority of needs and the proper place of treatment
Term
vir-
Definition
virus or poison
Term
viral
Definition
pertaining to a virus
Term
virile
Definition
having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male
Term
word root
Definition
contains the basic meaning of the term and usually indicates the involved body part
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