Term
| Describe the average 'horse person' |
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Definition
| Baby boomer, post-secondary education, 60-80k/year income, owns multiple pets, female |
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Term
True or False
Horse racing is the 3rd largest agricultural industry in Ontario |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the average pulse rate of a healthy horse? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the normal temperature for a horse? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the average breaths per minute for a horse? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 'classifications' of horses? |
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Definition
| Hotboods, warmbloods & coldbloods |
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Term
| Name 1 coldblood, 1 warmblood and 1 hotblood breed of horse |
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Definition
Cold: Clydesdale, Shire, Percheron, Belgian
Warm: QH, Dutch, Oldenburg, Appy, Paint, Lusitano, Andalusian
Hot: TB, Arab, Akhal-Teke |
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Term
| What are the top 3 most common horse breeds? |
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Definition
| Arabian, Quarter Horse, Paint |
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Term
| Which is higher in fat, horse meat or average beef? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the biggest variable when it comes to milk production from one dairy cow to the next? |
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Definition
| The amount of nutrients the animal can consume |
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Term
| Name 4 roughage components that can be included in feed for a dairy cow |
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Definition
Alfalfa
Grass
Silage
Barley
Oats |
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Term
| Name two components that can be added to feed for a dairy cow? |
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Definition
Fat (animal or vegetable)
Yeast Cultures
By-pass Amino Acids
Rmensin |
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Term
| What supplements can be added to a dairy cow's diet? |
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Definition
| Soybeans, cottonseed, distillers grains, molasses, oats/barley, urea, fish meal |
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Term
| What is the major component of feed in a dairy cow's diet? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Consistent feeding schedules are important when feeding diary cows |
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Term
| What health problems are lactating cows at risk for? |
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Definition
mastitis
lameness
metabolic disease |
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Term
| Name the 4 stomachs of a ruminant |
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Definition
Rumen
Reticulum
Abomasum
Omasum |
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Term
| When would you reduce dry matter intake of a dairy cow 'in transition'? |
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Definition
| 3 weeks pre & 3 weeks post-calving |
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Term
| What is a 'transition cow'? |
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Definition
| Cows within 3 weeks on either side of calving (before or after) |
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Term
| What defines the maximum nutrient intake/milk production of a dairy cow? |
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Definition
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Term
| What effect does reducing the dry matter intake have on a transition cow? |
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Definition
| sends signals to the cow letting the body know she's approaching calving |
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Term
| Why is it important to minimize the amount of oxygen feed comes into contact with? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name factors that can affect the amount of feed a cow will consume? |
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Definition
Stress
Aroma/flavour
Accessibility
Density & volume
Nutrient imbalance in feed
Water content in feed
Body weight
Body condition
Handling/care
How the feed is presented |
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Term
| Name 4 breeds of dairy cattle |
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Definition
| Ayrshire, Brown Swiss, Guernsey, Jersey, Holstein, Milking Shorthorn |
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Term
| What are the elixirs of life? |
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Definition
Air - oxygen is essential to breathe!
Water - prevent dehydration
Light - behaviour & metabolism modifier, biological clock |
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Term
| What is the #1 problem in most cow barns? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the life cycle of a dairy cow |
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Definition
Birth (284d gestation)
Heifer (bred @ 13-15 months old)
Heifer has first calf
Lactation (304 days)
Re-bred (45-100 days)
Dry (45-60 days) |
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Term
| What is the quota cost of milk in ON? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is a bond between calf & mother important? |
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Definition
-mom transfers rumen bacteria to the calf when grooming (important for the development of the calf's rumen)
-touch is an important sensory factor for calves, the licking at birth stimulates the spinal cord/nerves |
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Term
| Name some potential issues that an arise from different housing systems? |
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Definition
-light & air quality (covered vs windows vs screens)
-interaction (indv or group housing)
-wind break (reduces air circulation)
-sand vs straw bedding (sand is preferred)
-rafters produce nesting areas for birds
- |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to produce & sell milk in Ontario, they are allocated, can be purchased/sold, treated like an asset. |
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Term
| What are some components of milk that the research community is investigating for human health benefits? |
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Definition
-protein additives
-calcium
-fat content
-BCAA |
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Term
| How much blood flows to the cow's liver per hour? How much is needed through the mammary gland to produce 1L of milk? |
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Definition
2000L /hr
approx. 750-1000 needed to produce 1L of milk |
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Term
| List 4 dairy products from the milk tree |
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Definition
| Cheese, cream, ice cream, milk with added nutrient benefits |
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Term
| What is the biggest production cost (applies to beef & dairy) |
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Definition
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