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afro music slide set 2
music
43
Music
Undergraduate 2
05/08/2012
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Term
African American Drum Orchestra
 Definition
Title= Rhythmic pattern; Instruments:drums;shakers;gangoui(cowbell); played with hands and beaters;voice: natural and expressive;Dancing:Athletic,expressive;music related;played the song ?agbekor?
Term
AADO cont.
 Definition
Music was ensemble based with soloists and accompaniment; polyrhythmic;repetitive and ostinato pattern based; Rhythms were related to the language; the master drummer did solo improvisation; vocal: singing;whoops;shouts and speech like;Dance was interpretations of the music and usually told a story used in war etc.
Term
Rhythm and Blues
 Definition
A fusion of blues and swing
Term
Race Records
 Definition
1920s;used in a positive way to describe the African americans after the civil war;Described records made for the black community; Changed to Rhythm and Blues in late 1940?s.
Term
Second ?Great Migration?
 Definition
1940s; In WWII 1500000 african americans moved to northern and western cities; high paying jobs; created new kinds of Black Music that reflected the life of the Urban Black Community
Term
Louis Jordan and his Timpani Five
 Definition
saxophonist/singer/composer/bandleader; He transformed big band swing into the combo sound; had the ?jump blues sound?; Played caldonia;
Term
Instrumentation of Louis Jordan and his timpani five
 Definition
2 saxophones; electric guitar; piano;trumpet;bass;drums
Term
Louis Jordan and his timpani five song titles
 Definition
His song titles reflected black folk life: such as ?aint nobody here but us chickens; beans and corn bread; Saturday night fish fry; choo choo ch boogie
Term
Early R & B recordings
 Definition
West coast; central avenue los angeles; they included piano;guitar;bass;drums and latin rhythms as well as a honking tenor saxophone style
Term
Characteristics of R& B
 Definition
Had the boogie woogie feel; blues form; instrumental accompaniment-riffs;saxophone;piano;drums;bass;electric guitar; unusual timbres; and eventually had a heavy back beat it developed throughout the years portrayed in songs that he had in slides
Term
Nat King Cole
 Definition
Piano/Band Leader/singer; played jazz;club blues;cocktail music; Appealed to Black and white audiences;mellow background music;Guitar;piano;bass instrumentation; played :straighten up and fly right and ; Unforgettable
Term
Vocal Harmony Groups
 Definition
Background:
 Barbershop style of early 20th century
 Male quartets singing stylized four-part harmony of popular songs.
 Themes were mostly comic tunes, snappy pop tunes, or melancholy love songs.
 A cappella - without instrumental accompaniment
played "let me call you sweetheart"
Term
The Mills Brothers
 Definition
Black barbershop harmonies
 Instrumental vocal sounds
 Vocal bass lines
 Crossed racial boundaries
Term
The Mills Brothers song "Hold That Tiger"
 Definition
 1930s movie short
 Four singers with guitar accompaniment
 Guitarist sings bass lines
 Vocal trumpet sounds
 Scat vocal
Early microphones frightened some singers so the engineer camouflaged them.
Term
The Ink Spots
 Definition
Contemporaries of the Mills Brothers
 Also appealed to both Black and White
audiences
 Signature feature: Spoken lyrics by the bass voice
 “If I Didn’t Care” - #1 hit.
Term
Golden Gate Quartet
 Definition
 Beganin1930ssinging Barbershop arrangements with jazz and blues inflection
 Sang at FranklinD. Roosevelt’s inauguration.
 1930s national radio show
 Vocal Group Hall of Fame 1998
Term
Golden gate jubilee quartet continued
 Definition
Arrangementsincluded vocal instrumental sounds
 A Cappella singing
 Tightharmony
 Rhythmicdelivery
 GoldenGate“GospelTrain”
 No accompaniment
 Vocal train imitations
 “Chugging train rhythm”
 Syncopation
Term
Second generation Vocal R&B
 Definition
 1950s teenagers seeking a way out of poverty
 Performed on street corners, at school gatherings, in city parks, and on sidewalk stoops.
 Songs dealt with teenage experiences and fantasies
Term
The Ravens
 Definition
1950s
 1945 - NYC
 Bridged the gap
between pre-war and post-war vocal groups
 Repertoire included pop standards and ballads in a jazz-blues treatment
Term
The Ravens - 1950s “Old Man River”
 Definition
 Piano, Guitar accompaniment
 Bass vocal lead
 Vocal background
 Non-sense syllables
 Swing rhythm
 Syncopation
Term
Orioles
 Definition
1946  InspiredbyBlacksacred music
 Church harmonies
 Tenor obbligato
 Religiousballads
 Inspiredlater‘bird”groups; Swallows, Penguins, The Robins, and the Cardinals.
played "crying in the chapel"
Term
The Spaniels
 Definition
 Used non-sense syllables “doo-doo- doo—doo-do” adding rhythmic interest to ballads.
 Bass sang “jazz style walking bass lines”
played goodnite sweetheart
Term
Moonglows
 Definition
• Louisville,KY
• Started as the “Crazy Sounds.” Alan Freed changed their name to the “Moonglows.”
• Recorded “Sincerely” for Chess in 1954
• Developed the “blow harmony” technique
• This technique became standard for Black vocal groups and ushered in the “Doo Wop” sound of the fifties.
Term
Moonglows "sincerely-1954
 Definition
 Doo Wop vocal quartet
 Ballad style
 Lead singer with vocal background
 Used “blow harmony”
 Instruments? piano,guitar,saophone
 What is the meter?4/4
Term
1950s youth
 Definition
 Teenagers became the major group for popular music consumption
 Also, many performers of R&B were teen- age Black singers from urban areas.
 Record companies signed R&B vocal groups aimed at the African American market.
Term
New Orleans R&B
 Definition
 Black talent scouts developed new dance forms by introducing Cuban rhythms into the doo wop vocal styles.
 Regional R&B styles developed including New Orleans
 “Professor Longhair (Roy Byrd),” “Fats” Domino exemplified this style
Term
"Hey Little Girl"-Professor Longhair
 Definition
 Instruments? Piano, bass, drums
 Rhythm? Rhumba – “Latin Tinge”
 Musical Form? The Blues
 Lyric form? aab form
 Vocal Timbre? timbre
Term
“Fats” Domino
 Definition
 New Orleans
 Influenced by “Professor Longhair”
 Piano
 Most famous of the New Orleans R&B performers
"blueberry Hill"
Term
Covers
 Definition
Songs like shboom by the black band chords were done as covers by bands like the crew cuts in order to appeal to white audiences.
Term
The platters
 Definition
played "smoke gets in your eyes"
Term
Becoming rock and Roll
 Definition
bands like the clovers whoo played"fool,fool,fool"
ruth Brown who played "5-10-15 house ". And big Joe Turner played shake rattle and roll paved the path for bands to come in to rock and roll
Term
Billy Ward and the dominoes
 Definition
 East Coast Doo wop
 Ballad style
 1951
 “HarborLights”  “Stardust”
 “DeepPurple”
 “60MinuteMan”
Term
Little Richard
 Definition
 Richard Penniman (b. 1932)  Religious Background
 Rhythm and Blues
 Piano - Energetic - Hard
 Singer - Influence
Term
"Tutti frutti"
 Definition
Played by little Richard it had Falsetto "whoops",nonsense syllables and a fast rock beat.
Term
Chuck Berry
 Definition
Considered father of Rock and Roll
• Chicago
• Electric Guitar • Hit records:
• “Maybellene” - “Ida Red” • “Roll Over Beethoven and Johny b. goode
Term
Bo Diddley
 Definition
 Elias McDaniel  “Diddley Bo”
 Rhythm Patent tried to
played "Bo'Diddley"
Term
Reactions to Rock and Roll
 Definition
 1956 - White Citizens Council of Birmingham, Alabama: [rock and roll] appeals to the base in man, brings out animalism and vulgarity, and most important, represented a “plot to mongrelize America.”
 Rock and roll brought “the animal instinct in modern teenagers.”
 We are talking about“hugs”and“squeeze”andother “euphemisms which are attempting a total breakdown of all reticence's about sex”
Term
Crossover Music
 Definition
 The Platters (1953)
 Hit Recordings:
 “Only You”
 “The Great Pretender”  “My Prayer”
 “Twilight Time”
Term
Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller
 Definition
 Atlantic Records
 Incorporated “Pop”
production techniques:
 Chorus/refrainsongs
 Blues/Gospelharmonies
 Comboarrangements
with orchestral
accompaniment
 TheCoastersandElvis Presley
Term
The Coasters
 Definition
 Humorous tunes composed by Leiber and Stoller
 “Searchin”
 “YacketyYak”  CharlieBrown  “PoisonIvy”
Term
Latin Rhythms(habanara and Baion)
 Definition
ben e king- up on the roof
Term
Gospel derived rock
 Definition
 Ray Charles  R&B Hits
 Country
 “Georgia”
 “I Can’t Stop Loving You”
 1st Crossover song
 “What’d I Say”
Term
Sam Cook(1931-1964)
 Definition
 The Soul Stirrers
 Teen idol
 Recorded R&B in
1957 - forced to leave
 “The greatest sex
symbol in gospel history”
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