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1884, European powers have to set up a gov't to be able to claim land. Started to Rush to claim African lands.
Europe divides Arican land with no regard to ethnicities and conflicts->Bismarck.... |
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Congo Rwanda Burundi
->Hutu (maj.80%) vs. Tutsi (20%)-> genocide
King Leopold brutally used ppl to get resources, eventually had to give up to Belgian gov't |
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Dutch farmers resented British rule, discovered lots of gold and diamonds, guerilla warfare
-1910, British united Cape Colony and Boer republics, formed South Africa
(1899-1902)- Dutch vs. British-> B. gets gold and diamonds |
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System of racial segregation made to ensure white power, whites got better jobs, blacks had to carry passes to travel, couldn't vote
everything defined by race (black, white, asian, mixed) passports |
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African National Congress, organiezed by educated Africans through churches and newspapers, demanded rights for black South Africans, really had no affect on whit gov't
African National Congress formed to fight apartheid |
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started in 1920's, emphasized unity of Africans and people of African descent around the world, led by W.E.B. DuBois
(1920s)-Marcus Garvey (US) and W.E.B. DuBois (Jam)
-want to free Africa |
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organized ANC youth league, led civil disobedience against apartheid, imprisioned for 27 years, hardly any outside contact. Symbol for freedom
Led ANC-> imprisioned 27 yrs-> 1st prez S.A.F. |
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Organization of African Unity, set up after independence encouraged cooperation among members, pooled capital from foreign sources for development programs.
(1963) -set up by Africans to promote cooperation within
-respect borders or worse civil war will follow |
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1989, Pres. of S.A. got rid of apartheid, lifted ban on A.N.C., freed Mandela, negotiated, held multiracial elections, Mandela elected.
prez of S.A.-> freed Mandela-> worked together |
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| African nations in debt to European powers from imperialism, dependent |
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| Africa was really the origin of civilization, but we view it as having no real civilization or history |
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| Black hawk down, trying to help Somalia |
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M-overpopulated
M crippled by famine
M corrupt governments
M Animals, tribes
F continent, not country |
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53 nations, 700+ ethnicites, 1000+ languages/dialects, 1 bill. people
->diveristy disguised by media IMAGES and word choice ->
legacy of imperialism |
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->Middle Passage
-better immune systems than Native Americans
-20-30 million died (430,000 to US)
Middle Passage- Slave ships, dehumanization |
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-ethnic rivalries grow within Africa
-helping to develop other countries |
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-whites now want land and reesources-> take over continent
-conquer all but Liberia and Ethiopia |
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-N vs. S -> Darfur- 7 genocide-> 6 mil. refugees-> 70,000 dead
-LRA |
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| Nonviolent protest against Apartheid |
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-bonded ethnicites due to apartheid
-Natural resources: Gold and Diamonds
-Outside Investment: developed infrastructure
(similar to Botswana) |
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| Underdeveloped infrastructure, Debt Crisis, AIDs, Ethnic Tensions, Border disputes, Dictatorships, Cold War Politics, Population Issues |
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Aidid->prez. in power when 18 Americans died in plan bringing aid (food)
-unfortunate legacy-> won't be getting more aid |
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| a state of perfect understanding. Those who reach mosksha will not suffer reincarnation and will merge with Brahman. |
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