the ability to do work; the food source is represented by plants that grow asa result of the sun's energy

Define ATP.

adenosine triphospate; a compound that releases the energy necessary for a particular muscular contraction

Define Aerobic.

literally, with oxygen, or in the presence of oxygen

requiring no oxygen; usually short-spurt, high-energy activities

after the first 3-4 minutes of exercise, when oxygen uptake has reached an adequate level to meet the oxygen demand of the tissues; cardiac output and pulmonary ventilation have attained fairly constant levels

refers to oxygen uptake remaining elevated above resting levels for several minutes during exercise recover; also known as "oxygen debt."

period in which the level of oxygen consumption is below what is necessary to supply appropriate ATP production (energy releasing compounds) required of any exercise

the point at which the body can no longer meet its demand for oxygen and anaerobic metabolism is accelerated

the ability of the body to remove oxygen from the air and transfer it through the lungs and blood to the working muscles; related to cardiorespiratory endurance

the amount of blood ejected by each ventricle of the heart during a single contraction (or systole)

the amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute

refers to the "pumping action" of the muscles in the extremeties and respiratory system, along with vein constriction, to move oxygen-poor blood back to the heart

occurs when vigorous exercise ends too abruptly and blood remains in the extremeties and may not be delivered quickly enough to the heart and brain

the greatest amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after the deepest inhalation

dangerous condition that can occur when someone holds their breath; forms unequal pressure in the chest cavity, reduces blood flow to the heart, and decreases oxygen supply to the brain

the point at which two or more bones meet or articulate and where movement occurs

Define Ligament.

tissue that connects bone to bone and reinforces joints from dislocation

tissue that attaches muscle to bone

white, semi-opaque fibrous connective tissue; cushions and prevents wear on articular (joint-like) surfaces

primary mover muscle directly responsible for a particular action

the opposite of an agonist muscle, this muscle stretches while the agonist contracts

muscles that prevent undesired or unnecessary motion during a desired movement

simple lever with a fulcrum

the overstretching/tearing of a ligament

What is the first-aid action for a musculoskeletal injury?

• R ___
• I ___
• C ___
• E ___

• REST
  
  
• ICE
  
  
• COMPRESSION
  
  
• ELEVATION 

List the training variables of the FITT Principle:

• F ___
• I ___
• T ___
• T ___

• FREQUENCY
  
  
• INTENSITY
  
  
• TIME (DURATION)
  
  
• TYPE (OF EXERCISE) 

Specific Adaptation to Imposed Demands:

the idea that, in order to improve in a particular area of fitness or sport, the precise movement pattern should be rehearsed (ex. a marathon runner should include distance training in workout regiment)

the idea that, if one's training workload is discontinued or decreased, detraining* in performance will occur

*reversal of adaptation to exercise

Define PAR-Q.

(PhysicAl Readiness Questionnaire)

1. definition = the preparation period for a specific workout
    
2. purpose = to increase the core temperature and prepare the muscles/joints
    
3. duration = typically 8-12 minutes, but dependant on length/type of class

1. definition = training that utilizes aerobic activities that target large muscle groups to create increased demand for oxygen
2. purpose = to improve heart, circulatory, and pulmonary systems
3. duration = 20-45 minutes of a 60 minute class

1. definition = working muscles against resistance training to the point of fatigue
2. purpose = improves overall health, metabolic rate, posture, and athletics
3. duration = 45-60 minutes, or 15-20 minute segment (targeting specific muscle groups; i.e. upper body and abs only)

1. definition = focusing on joint mobility, muscle suppleness, and reduction of muscular tension
    
2. purpose = improves joint mobility/performance while decreasing the risk of injury
    
3. duration = 5-60 minutes

1. definition = closure of a workout with stretching and relaxation
    
2. purpose = promotes mind-body awareness and reduces the heart rate; relaxes muscles
    
3. duration = 5-10 minutes

exercise-induced asthma; can be prevented by:

1. ensuring the availability of an inhaler during exercise
2. making sure exercise intensity starts low then gradually increases
3. practicing extended warm-ups and cool-downs