Term
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Definition
| Skin cell contain lysozymes that are enzymes that destroy bacteria by rupturing their cell walls. |
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Term
| The first signal from an injury is the: |
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Definition
| The first signal from the injury is the cytoplasmic release of the cytokine Interleukin I (IL-I). |
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Term
| The autonomic nervous system (ANS): |
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Definition
| Functions we rarely think about, such as making saliva, perspiration, controlling the pupils, urination, and sexual arousal, are all controlled by the ANS. |
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Term
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Definition
| Serve as managers, directing the immune response. |
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Term
| How long does it generally take keratinocytes to move up to the skin’s surface from the basal layer? |
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Definition
| This would take normally around 28–30 days, but turnover time may be greatly decreased with infection or proliferative diseases such as psoriasis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Receptors receive messages from hormones and other chemical messengers made by other cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Neutrophils make up 70% of all white blood cells (leukocytes) and are the most common cell in the blood stream. |
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Term
| What is the major function of versican? |
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Definition
| The major function of versican is to provide turgor or tautness to the skin by interacting with the elastin and the hyaluronic acid. |
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Term
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Definition
| For a cell to grow it must keep all of the original DNA and make new DNA for the daughter cell. |
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Term
| Which of the following can be thought of as the “garbage disposal system” for the cell? |
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Definition
| Lysosomes can be thought of as the garbage disposal system or recycling center for the cell. |
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Term
| Ribosome components are created in the: |
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Definition
| The nucleoleus is a sub-organelle of the nucleus whose main function is the creation of ribosome components. |
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Term
| The true stem cells are made from: |
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Definition
| The cells of the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm make up the true stem cells. |
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Term
| What does the T stand for in T cell? |
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Definition
| The active cell in cell-mediated immunity is the T cell, with T standing for thymus |
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Term
| The neural tube provides most of the: |
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Definition
| The neural tubeprovides most of the central nervous system such as the brain, spinal cord and motor neurons, the retina, and the posterior pituitary gland. |
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Term
| Mast cells seem to be involved in: |
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Definition
| In an allergic reaction the mast cells degranulate, that is they release the contents of the granules into the dermal space. |
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Term
| What are the three germ layers? |
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Definition
| The germ layers are referred to as the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. |
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Term
| Eosinophils are specific for: |
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Definition
| Eosinophil granulocytes, commonly referred to as eosinophils, are white blood cells specific for parasitic infections in the body. |
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Term
| Substances penetrate the skin easily when: |
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Definition
| Apply product and massage, so that more will be delivered into the skin. |
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Term
| The peptide structures desmosine and isodesmosine are only found in: |
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Definition
| Elastin contains two additional peptide structures called desmosine and isodesmosine, which are only found in elastin. |
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Term
| Ribosome components are created in the: |
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Definition
| The nucleoleus is a sub-organelle of the nucleus whose main function is the creation of ribosome components. |
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Term
| Which of the following contains only microfibrils? |
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Definition
| Oxytalanfibers contain only microfibrils and are10–12 nm in diameter. |
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Term
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Definition
| They secrete histamine, leukotrienes, and proteoglycans. |
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Term
| Mitochondria help break down: |
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Definition
| As a “digestive factory,” mitochondria help to break down simple sugars, fats, and parts of proteins called amino acids. |
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Term
| On which area of the body would you find Meissner corpuscles? |
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Definition
| Meissner corpuscles are found in frictional areas of the skin: the hands, fingers, and soles of the foot, and on the glabrous skin of the toes. |
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Term
| Langerhans cells are primarily seen in the ______ layer. |
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Definition
| In more detail, you can find Langerhans cells in all parts of the epidermis, but more are seen in the upper spinosum layer. |
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Term
| Which stage in the cell cycle immediately follows G1? |
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Definition
| The synthesis stage (S) comes after G1 and before G2. |
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Term
| When Wright’s stain is applied to neutrophils, they appear: |
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Definition
| Neutrophilic components stain neutral pink, eosinophilic components stain bright red, and basophils stain a dark blue color. |
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Term
| The intermediate filament proteins that form the cytoskeletons of keratinocytes are called: |
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Definition
| Keratins are intermediate filament proteins that form the cytoskeleton of keratinocytes. |
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