What are vasodilators selective for?

1.  Some arterioles

2.  Some veins

3.  Some both

Drugs that dilate arterioles cause what?

1.  Reduce cardiac afterload

2.  thereby reduce cardiac work

3.  increase cardiac output

4. increase tissue perfusion

Drugs that dilate veins cause what?

1.  Reduce cardiac preload

2.  reduce cardiac work

3.  reduce cardiac output

4.  reduce tissue perfusion

What are the principle indications for vasodilators?

1.  HTN

2.  Hypertensive Crisis

3.  Angina Pectoris

4.  Heart Failure

5.  MI

Drugs that dilate veins can cause what common problem?

Orthostatic Hypotension

Drugs that dilate veins or arterioles can cause reflex tachycardia.  What is the best way to treat this?

BB's

Drugs that dilate arterioles or veins can cause fluid retention.  What is a common way to treat this?

Diuretics

What vasodilator causes selective dilation of arterioles?

Hydralazine

What drug causes selective and PROFOUND dilation of arterioles?

Minoxidil

What is a common side effect Minoxidil that resulted in a topical application?

Hypertrichosis - hair growth

Rogaine

What does Nitroprusside dilate?

Arterioles AND veins

Potent, fast-acting, used in hypertensive crisis only.

What are the 3 adverse reactions of vasodilators in general?

1.  postural hypotension

2.  reflex tachycardia

3.  volume expansion - reaction to dec BP

What is the additional and unique AE of Hydralazine?

Lupous-like syndrome

What are the primary indications for hydralazine?

1.  Essential HTN

2.  Hypertensive crisis

3.  HF

What is the difference between hydralazine and minoxidil?

Only with severe hypertension

Much more intense effect but more SE's as well.

Reserved for pt's who don't respond to other drugs due to dangerous AE's.

What is the MOA of Nitroprusside?

dilates veins AND arterioles

What do you use nipride for and what are the AE's?

Hypertensive Crisis ONLY

Excessive hypotension

cyanide poisoning

thiocyanate toxicity