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Advanced Medical Terminology
Lesson 12: Respiratory System
71
Medical
Professional
07/17/2008

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Term
ADENOIDS
Definition
Lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx; pharyngeal tonsils
Term
ALVEOLUS (PL. ALVEOLI)
Definition
Air sac in the lung
Term
APEX OF THE LUNG
Definition
Tip or uppermost portion of the lung; Apical means pertaining to the apex
Term
BASE OF THE LUNG
Definition
Lower portion of the lung; Basilar means pertaining to the base
Term
BRONCHIOLES
Definition
Smallest branches of the bronchi. Terminal bronchioles lead to the alveolar ducts
Term
BRONCHUS (PL. BRONCHI)
Definition
Branch of the windpipe (trachea) that is a passageway into the lung; bronchial tube
Term
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)
Definition
Gas produced by body cells when oxygen and food combine; exhaled through the lungs
Term
CILIA
Definition
Thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract. They clear bacteria and foreign substances from the lung. Cigarette smoke impairs their function
Term
DIAPHRAGM
Definition
Muslce separating the chest and abdomen. It contracts and relaxes to make breathing possible
Term
EPIGLOTTIS
Definition
Lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing
Term
EXPIRATION
Definition
Breathing out (exhalation)
Term
GLOTTIS
Definition
Slit-like opening in the larynx
Term
HILUM (OF LUNG)
Definition
Midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs. Hilar means pertaining to the hilum
Term
INSPIRATION
Definition
Breathing in (inhalation)
Term
LARYNX
Definition
Voice box; containing the vocal cords
Term
LOBE
Definition
Division of the lung
Term
MEDIASTINUM
Definition
Region between the lungs in the chest cavity. Contains the trachea, heart, aorta, esophagus, and bronchial tubes
Term
NARES
Definition
Openings through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities
Term
OXYGEN (O2)
Definition
Gas that passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells
Term
PALANTINE TONSIL
Definition
One of a pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx
Term
PARANASAL SINUS
Definition
One of the air cavities in the bones near the nose
Term
PARIETAL PLEURA
Definition
Outer fold of the pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall
Term
PHARYNX
Definition
Throat; including the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
Term
PLEURA
Definition
Double fold membrane surrounding each lung
Term
PLEURAL CAVITY
Definition
Space between the fold of the pleura
Term
PULMONARY PARENCHYMA
Definition
Essential parts of the lung, responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli
Term
RESPIRATION
Definition
Process of moving air into and out of the lungs; breathing
Term
TRACHEA
Definition
Windpipe
Term
VISCERAL PLEURA
Definition
Inner fold of the pleura lying closer to the lung tissue
Term
ADENOID/O
Definition
Adenoids
Term
ALVEOL/O
Definition
Alveolus, air sac
Term

BRONCH/O

BRONCHI/O

Definition
Bronchial tube, bronchus
Term
BRONCHIOL/O
Definition
Bronchiole, small bronchus
Term
CAPN/O
Definition
Carbon Dioxide
Term
CONI/O
Definition
Dust
Term
CYAN/O
Definition
Blue
Term
EPIGLOTT/O
Definition
Epiglottis
Term
LARYNG/O
Definition
Larynx, voice box
Term
LOB/O
Definition
Lobe of the lung
Term
MEDIASTIN/O
Definition
Mediastinum
Term
NAS/O
Definition
Nose
Term
ORTH/O
Definition
Straight, upright
Term
OX/O
Definition
Oxygen
Term
PECTOR/O
Definition
Chest
Term
PHARYNG/O
Definition
Pharynx, throat
Term
PHON/O
Definition
Voice
Term
PHREN/O
Definition
Diaphragm
Term
PLEUR/O
Definition
Pleura
Term

PNEUM/O

PNEUMON/O

Definition
Air, lung
Term
PULMON/O
Definition
Lung
Term
RHIN/O
Definition
Nose
Term
SINUS/O
Definition
Sinus, cavity
Term
SPIR/O
Definition
Breathing
Term
TEL/O
Definition
Complete
Term
THORAC/O
Definition
Chest
Term
TONSILL/O
Definition
Tonsils
Term
TRACHE/O
Definition
Trachea, windpipe
Term
-EMA
Definition
Condition
Term
-OSMIA
Definition
Smell
Term
-PNEA
Definition
Breathing
Term
-PTYSIS
Definition
Spitting
Term
-SPHYXIA
Definition
Pulse
Term
-THORAX
Definition
Pleural cavity, chest
Term
AUSCULTATION
Definition
Listening to sounds within the body
Term
PERCUSSION
Definition
Tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure
Term
PLEURAL RUB
Definition
Scratchy sound produced by the motion of inflamed or irritated pleural surfaces rubbing against each other; also called a friction rub
Term
RALE (CRACKLE)
Definition
Fine crackling sound heard on auscultation (during inspiration) when there is fluid in the alveoli
Term
RHONCUS (PL. RHONCHI)
Definition
Loud rumbling sound heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum
Term
SPUTUM
Definition
Material expelled from the chest by coughing or clearing the throat
Term
STRIDOR
Definition
Strained, high-pitched, relatively loud sound made on inspiration; associated with obstruction of the larynx or trachea
Term
WHEEZE
Definition
Continuous high pitched whistling sound heard when air is forced through a narrow space during inspiration or expiration
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