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Advanced Medical Terminology
Lesson 15: Musculoskeletal System; Part 2- Joints
33
Medical
Professional
08/26/2008

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Term
ARTICULATION
Definition
Any joint
Term
BURSA (PL. BURSAE)
Definition
Sac of fluid near a joint; promotes smooth sliding of one tissue against another
Term
LIGAMENT
Definition
Connective tissue binding bones to other bones; supports, strengthens, and stabalizes the joint
Term
SUTURE JOINT
Definition
Joint in which apposed surfaces are closely united; motion is minimal
Term
SYNOVIAL CAVITY
Definition
Space between bones at a synovial joint; contains synovial fluid produced by the synovial membrane
Term
SYNOVIAL FLUID
Definition
Viscous (sticky) fluid within the synovial cavity. Synovial fluid is similar in viscosity to egg white
Term
SYNOVIAL JOINT
Definition
Membrane lining the synovial cavity; it produces synovial fluid
Term
TENDON
Definition
Connective tissue that binds muscle to bones
Term
ANKYL/O
Definition
Stiff
Term
ARTHR/O
Definition
Joint
Term
ARTICUL/O
Definition
Joint
Term
BURS/O
Definition
Bursa
Term
CHONDR/O
Definition
Cartilage
Term
LIGAMENT/O
Definition
Ligament
Term
RHEUMAT/O
Definition
Watery flow
Term
SYNOV/O
Definition
Synovial membrane
Term
TEN/O
Definition
Tendon
Term
TENDIN/O
Definition
Tendon
Term
-DESIS
Definition
To bind, tie together
Term
-STENOSIS
Definition
Narrowing
Term
ARTHRITIS
Definition
Inflammation of joints
Term
ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS
Definition
Chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, primarily of spine. Bilateral sclerosis of sacroiliac joints is a diagnostic sign
Term
GOUTY ARTHRITIS
Definition
Inflammation and painful swelling of joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body.
Term
OSTEOARTHRITIS (OA)
Definition
Progressive, degenerative joint disease characterized by loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone at articular surfaces. AKA degenerative joint disease. Occurs mainly in hips and knees of older people
Term
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA)
Definition
Chronic disease in which joints become inflammed and painful. It is believed to be caused by an immune reaction against joint tissues, particularly the synovial membrane. Small joints are affected first. Women more than men.
Term
BUNION
Definition
Ab. swelling of the medial aspect of the joint between the big toe and the first metatarsal bone.
Term
CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME (CTS)
Definition
Compression (by a wrist ligament) of the median nerve as it passes between the ligament and the bones and tendons of the wrist.
Term
DISLOCATION
Definition
Displacement of a bone from its joint.
Term
GANGLION
Definition
A fluid filled cyst arising from the joint capsule or a tendon in the wrist.
Term
HERNIATION OF AN INTERVERTEBRAL DISK
Definition
Abnormal protrusion of a fibrocartilaginous intervertebral disk into the neural canal or spinal nerves. AKA slipped disk. Lower back pain and sciatica are symptoms.
Term
LYME DISEASE
Definition
A recurrent disorder marked by severe arthritis, myalgia, malaise, and neurologic and cardiac symptoms. Caused by spirochete.
Term
SPRAIN
Definition
Trama to a joint with pain, swelling, and injury to ligaments. Can also involve damage to blood vessels, muscles, tendons, and nerves.
Term
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (SLE)
Definition
Chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, nervous system, heart, and lungs.
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