Term
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Definition
| The tendency of a behavior to occur in the presence of a S+ but not in the presence of a S- |
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Term
| Example of stimulus control inside the lab |
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Definition
| pigeon learns to peck a disc when it is illuminated but not when it is dark; a rat learns to press a lever when the light in the magazine is illuminated and not when it is off. |
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Term
| Example of stimulus control outside the lab |
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Definition
| you learn to approach and open the door to a store that has a sign on the front that says "open" rather than approacing shops in which the sign says "closed;" you learn to go at a green light and stop at a red light. |
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Term
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Definition
| learning is similar across various contexts |
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Term
| Generalization as applied to pavlovian conditioning |
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Definition
| A novel stimulus that resembles the CS-/+ will eventually become a CR |
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Term
| Generalization as applied to operant conditioning |
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Definition
| behaviors "generalize" to different settings |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency for a behavior to occur in the presence of certain conditioned stimuli, but not in their absence |
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Term
| Example of generalization inside/outside lab |
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Definition
| inside: generalizing an orange-red disc to be a crimson red disc when orange-red disc is replaced by presence of crimson disc; outside: our behaviors are similar from classroom to classroom |
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Term
| Example of discrimination inside/outside the lab |
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Definition
| inside: discriminating b/w a green disc from a red disc; outside: behaviors at a bar are never the same as those inside the classroom; wine tasting, strangers, nationalities, words |
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Term
| Guttman and Kalish: generalization gradients |
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Definition
| taught pigeon's to key peck a turquoise key for a food reinforcer; generalization test occurs along with extinction where a series of discs are illuminated, ranging from gree to dark blue (turquoise being in the very center). Pigeon's are not reinforced when series of keys are illuminated. Results found that colors of discs most like the initial turquoise color key were pecked more ofter than those most different (i.e. green and dark blue) |
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Term
| Why is it important to undergo discrimination training, esp. for children and animals? |
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Definition
| Imp for children to be able to discriminate between family members and strangers; imp for animals (for survival) to discriminate between similar looking prey so animal doesn't eat a poisonous species |
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Term
| simple-successive stimulus control |
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Definition
| S+ and S- alternate such that they never occur together (alternate red disc from orange, to green, to blue, etc.) |
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Term
| conditional discrimination |
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Definition
| the third stimulus determines which stimulus is S+ and which is S-; i.e. computer shows two (stimuli) words: THREE and TWO; S+ and S- haven't been determined. Computer then flashes another screen which says "3"... "THREE" then becomes S+ and "TWO" then becomes S- |
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Term
| simple-simultaneous stimulus control |
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Definition
| S+ and S- always occur together; ex: tell child to find circle and present a circle and square at the same time |
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Term
| Intertrial Interval (ITI) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| first stimulus that appears (S+) |
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Term
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Definition
| pointing out sample stimulus; shorter durations in pointing out correct OR means organism is on task |
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Term
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Definition
| two stimuli, one S+ (aka sample stimulus) and other(s) S- |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| MTS: one sample stimulus, atleast two comparison stimuli, matching is reinforced |
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Term
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Definition
| one sample stimulus, atleast two comparison stimuli; MISmatching is reinforced |
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Term
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Definition
| MTS but sample is absent when comparisons are present |
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Term
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Definition
| oddity matching (MISmatching reinforced) but sample is absent when comparisons are present |
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Term
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Definition
one sample stimulus, at least two comparison stimuli, and reinforcement depends on symbolic interaction
i.e. find various symbols that mean "six"
6, vi, seis, ......, etc. |
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