Term
| black and poor women are more likely to use what illicit drus during pregnancy? |
|
Definition
| illicit substances like cocaine, for example |
|
|
Term
| what substance are educated and white women more likely to abuse during pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| women who drink alcohol during pregnancy are more like to be |
|
Definition
| white, unmarried, working fulltime outside of the home |
|
|
Term
| women who have unintended pregnancies are more likely to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| providers can reduce the amount of alcohol abuse in women by 20-30% by doing what |
|
Definition
| offering a brief counseling session along with detailed information about the risk of substance abuse |
|
|
Term
| cocaine readily crosses the placenta and is metabolized ______by the fetus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the possible consequences of cocaine abuse during pregnancy |
|
Definition
| preterm birth, low birth weight, placental abruption, respiratory distress, bowel infarctions, cerebral infarctions, fetal growth restriction, and seizures |
|
|
Term
| drug concentrations are higher in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cigarette smoking is the primary prevetable cause of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are some of the effects of cigaretter smoking during pregnancy? |
|
Definition
| pre-term birth, SAB in the 1st trimester, placental abnormalities, FGR, low birth weight, SIDS, lower IQ, and increased risk of childhood respiratory disorders. |
|
|
Term
| what are the five A's of smoking cessation and counseling? |
|
Definition
| ask, advise, assess, assist, and arrange |
|
|
Term
| What are the effects of FAS? |
|
Definition
| severe and permanent growth restriction, neurobehavioral abnormalities, facial abnormalities |
|
|
Term
| what are risk factors for having an alcohol effected pregnancy? |
|
Definition
| advanced age, low socioeconomic status, and having a previous child with FAS |
|
|
Term
| what is the prevalence of street drug use during pregnancy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| women who smoke marijuana during pregnancy have children who are more likely to |
|
Definition
| attention disorders, impulsive behavior, and decreased academic performance |
|
|
Term
| marijuana use may affect what in women? |
|
Definition
| fertility and the menustrual cycle |
|
|
Term
| meth use increases the risk of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| preterm birth, fgr, neurological defecits, and neonatal withdrawel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| meth is stronger and the effects are more detrimental than |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| heroin is converted to ____when it enters the brain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| heroin affects _____,____, and _____ |
|
Definition
| breathing, blood presure, and arousal |
|
|
Term
| review the common side of heroin abuse during pregnancy |
|
Definition
| Malnutrition, STI's, hepatitis, pulmonary complications, preeclampsia and placental abruption are the most common maternal complications, while intrauterine fetal death (IUFD), fetal growth restriction (FGR), prematurity and withdrawal symptoms affect the fetus and neonate |
|
|
Term
| interventions involve efforts to decrease pornography and violence, the promotion of healthy images of women in the media, and support for increased penalization of abusers. Safe options for child care as well as birth control options for women should be advocated, and women should be informed about services available to them.......is what type of action in regards to domestic violence? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| strategies include prompt identification of domestic violence and referrals for safe havens and/or treatment ......is what type of acion in regards to domestic violence intervention? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the four phases of leaving an abusive relationship? |
|
Definition
| being counteracting abuse, breaking free, not going back, and moving on |
|
|
Term
this type of DV intervention involves...
to ensure the immediate and long-term safety of the woman and her fetus, as well as any other children the woman may have. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| • Increased risk of low birth weight baby, ptl, iugr, fetal fractures, abruptions, etc. |
|
Definition
| women in DV relationships |
|
|
Term
| what is the preferred brand of SSRIs used in pregnany? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ). SSRI (all brands) use in the 2nd half of pregnancy has been linked to an increase in |
|
Definition
| persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn |
|
|
Term
| how should women with psychological disorders be managed during pregnancy? |
|
Definition
| collaboratively with an OB and psychiatrist |
|
|
Term
| untreated depression increases the risk of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| zoloft can increase the risk of what in the fetus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| prozac is not recommended for use during pregnancy because |
|
Definition
| of higher risk of congental anomalies |
|
|
Term
| the majority of anti-kell sensitization comes from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| kell antibodies transferred from mother to fetus is |
|
Definition
| more devastating than anti-D antibodies; causes rapid and severe fetal anemia |
|
|
Term
| what do kell antibodies do to rbcs? |
|
Definition
| stops their development and lysis them |
|
|
Term
| if a woman has a hx of blood transfusions, what is the first thing you should think of? |
|
Definition
| if she has kell antibodies |
|
|
Term
| how do we assess for kell antibodies during pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a woman with a positive kell antibody screen requires immediate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy causes what type of dermatosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the cause of Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy? |
|
Definition
| Slowed bile emptying from the gallbladder causes it s development |
|
|
Term
| Older maternal age, family hx of hepatic diseases, and personal hx of hepatitis C, and multiple gresnancies are associated with increased risk of |
|
Definition
| • Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy |
|
|
Term
| elevated bile acids are associated with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the fetal risk of a woman affected by Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy |
|
Definition
| . Fetal risk include meconium ileus, preterm birth, and sudden stillbirth |
|
|
Term
| what is the recommended tx for Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy? |
|
Definition
| immediately delivery due to sudden fetal death |
|
|
Term
| when is fetal death most likely to occur with Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy? |
|
Definition
| at term; rare prior to 36wks gestation |
|
|
Term
| Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy places the woman at risk for ____ and future ____- |
|
Definition
| vit K deficiency and liver damage |
|
|
Term
| what are the consequences of vit K deficiency which is caused by intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is associated with itching on the _____ and increases at _____ |
|
Definition
| palms of hands and soles of feet; night |
|
|
Term
| Characterized by intense intching, with papules that coalexe to form urticarial benign plaques |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PUPPS lesions are formed with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PUPPS is most often seen in |
|
Definition
| nulliparous white women, carrying a male fetus in the third trimester and multifetal gestation |
|
|
Term
| • Herpes gestationis(pemphigoid gesetationis) is seen most often during weeks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| . Prodrome of malaise, fever, nausea, and HA prior to skin eruptions. Pruritus and popular rash btart on abd and rapidly spread, sparing the face. Appears on trunk and extremities. Urticria is followed by vesicular and bullous lesions |
|
Definition
| • Herpes gestationis(pemphigoid gesetationis) |
|
|
Term
| • Herpes gestationis(pemphigoid gesetationis) will often resolve during the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| • Herpes gestationis(pemphigoid gesetationis) may flare during the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| • Herpes gestationis(pemphigoid gesetationis) may recur during |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| • Herpes gestationis(pemphigoid gesetationis) increases maternal risk of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| • Herpes gestationis(pemphigoid gesetationis) increases fetal risk of |
|
Definition
| birth wgt, prematurity with earlier onset, and formation of blisters. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| signs and symptoms of _____are fatigue, constipation, intolerance to cold, muscle cramps, hair loss, dry skin, prolonged relaxation phase of deep tendon reflexes, weight gain, and carpal tunnel syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type I diabetes increases the risk for development of |
|
Definition
| hypothyroidism; especially in the pp period |
|
|
Term
| what is the tx of hyperthyroidism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| TSH may take of to ____wks to stablize once tx has been started. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism are fatigue, constipation, intolerance to cold, muscle cramps, hair loss, dry skin, prolonged relaxation phase of deep tendon reflexes, and carpal tunnel syndrome |
|
Definition
| preterm delivery, severe preeclampsia, and heart failure than treated, controlled maternal thyrotoxicosis |
|
|
Term
| Untreated hypothyroidism is associated with an increased risk of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| uncontrolled asthma increases the risk of |
|
Definition
| preterm birth, low birth weight, and pre-eclampsia |
|
|
Term
| in this condition, Itching may be present weeks prior to lab testing shows s/s of disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| • Cholecystitis cause is unknown but is associated with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| • Cholecystitis causes itching of the |
|
Definition
| soles and palms of hands. may also cause juandice |
|
|
Term
| higher bile acid levels are associated with |
|
Definition
| stillbirth, respiratory distress, meconium stained fluid, fetal distress, and possible link between pre-e and GDM. |
|
|
Term
| what ismost common cause of hemolytic anemia in newborns? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| protein deficiency is a complication of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| proteinc deficiency during pregnancy can cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| deficinecy of ______ in pregnant woman can adversely affect cerebral neuron and cognitive development in the fetus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mitral valve prolapse increases the risk of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| infective endocarditis can cause |
|
Definition
| i heart failure and leakage of the heart valves |
|
|
Term
| prophylatic tx of mitral valve prolapse is only recommended in women who have |
|
Definition
| symptomatic mitral regurgitation, valve repair with prosthetic material, or those who were born with a cardiac defect that required repair, such as tetralogy of Fallot |
|
|
Term
| healthy women women with mitral valve prolapse do not require |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| o Caused by compression of the iliac vein and right iliac and ovarian arteries; both cross the vein on the left side |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VTE is most often seen on the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VTE is associated with PE most often during |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Review signs and symptoms of DVT |
|
Definition
| o Classic s/s involving the lower leg is abrupt in onset; there is pain and edema of the leg and thigh. The thrombus involves much of the deep venous system to the iliofemoral region. Reflex arterial spasm causes a pale cool extremity with diminished pulsations. Conversely, there may be a clot, yet little pain, heat or swelling as well. Calf pain is either spontaneous or provoked by in response to squeezing or stretching of the Achilles tendon; homan’s sign |
|
|
Term
| what is the first line dx for DVT in pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the tx for DVT during pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| higher risk for preterm birth, for low birth weight infants, for increase neonatal morbidity, SGA, and low Apgar scores are all risk related to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| children 14 and under cannot consent to sexual intercourse from adults because she |
|
Definition
| er destiny is controlled by others, such as parents and school authorities. It’s not uncommon for girls in this very young age group to be impregnated by adult males over age 18 |
|
|
Term
| Middle Adolescents: 15 to 17 Years |
|
Definition
| strive to be adults but fearful of adult responsibilities, risk takers bc they believe certain things wont happen to them, fail to appreciate the consequences of their actions. |
|
|
Term
| sexual abuse in childhood is strongly related to a higher incidence of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| having a sibling with an adolescent pregnancy increases the likelihood of younger siblings |
|
Definition
| with adolescent pregnancies |
|
|
Term
| ______ is associated with reduced teen pregnancy risk by teens remaining sexually abstinent, having fewer sexual partners, and using contraception more consistently |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pregnancy at an advanced maternal age, particularly after age 40, is associated with |
|
Definition
| increased complications such as hypertension, gestational diabetes, and multiple gestation, particularly with the use of fertility treatments |
|
|
Term
| low birth weight and prematurity are increased in women who are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In women between ages 35-40, the risks for the women themselves are lower, and pregnancy outcomes are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fibroids should be considered in pregnant women over age 35 who present with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pregnancy between ages 35-39 is not associated with an increase in adverse neonatal outcomes, although the rate of medical complications such as _____,____, and _____ are more common or increased. |
|
Definition
| hypertension and diabetes are more common, and the incidence of cesarean section is increased |
|
|
Term
| review risk factors for VTE |
|
Definition
| Pregnant women who smoke, have diabetes, are >35 years old, are obese, and are African-American |
|
|
Term
| low molecular weight heparin is a great tx for DVT bc it does not |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| consequences of untreated hypothyroidism |
|
Definition
| fetal mental retardation, preeclampsia, placental abruption, postpartum hemorrhage, cardiac dysfunction and stillbirth |
|
|
Term
| TSH >4.5 is indicative of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| depressed women are more likely to have what complications in their pregnancies? |
|
Definition
| receive poor prenatal care, use drugs or alcohol during pregnancy, and have complications such as preeclampsia & nausea and vomiting |
|
|
