Term
|
Definition
| Variables controlled so that the outcome of an expt. is due to the independent variable only. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Consistent values achieved for repeats and replicates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Values for results are close to each other. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Values are close to the true value. |
|
|
Term
| Give four purposes of pilot studies. |
|
Definition
| Assess validity of experimental design/ plan procedure to ensure accuracy and precision of measurements/ determine independent variable range/ identify number of repeat measurements required. |
|
|
Term
| What is an Independent Variable? |
|
Definition
| Variable controlled by the investigator. |
|
|
Term
| What is a Dependent Variable? |
|
Definition
| Variable being measured in an investigation. |
|
|
Term
| What are Multifactorial studies? |
|
Definition
| Involves a combination of more than one independent variable or combination of treatments. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lab based work where variables can be carefully controlled |
|
|
Term
| Explain Confounding variables |
|
Definition
| An influence, other than the independent variable, which may affect the dependent variable. |
|
|
Term
| Explain Randomised block design |
|
Definition
| Treatment or sample groups have been distributed in such a way so that any confounding variables have equal influence across all of the groups. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Experiment set up in absence of a treatment. (Avoids false positives) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Experiment set up which is able to detect a positive result. (Avoids false negatives) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Made by observation or description. Usually presented as a bar graph. Subjective. |
|
|
Term
| Explain Quantitative Data |
|
Definition
| Measurements may be taken to give numerical values. Usually presented as a line graph. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Data transformation in which numerical values are replaced by their rank when the data are sorted from lowest to highest. |
|
|
Term
| Limitations of a simple investigation |
|
Definition
| Findings may not be applicable to a wider setting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A trend linking an independent and dependent variable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hypothesis proved by experimentation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An experiment set up under the same conditions as the experiment, but in absence of the treatment (independent variable) |
|
|
Term
| What is the Placebo Effect? |
|
Definition
| A measurable change in the dependent variable due to (human) expectation rather than treatment. |
|
|
Term
| What are In vivo studies? |
|
Definition
| Experiments carried out in living organisms. |
|
|
Term
| What are In vitro studies? |
|
Definition
| Experiments carried outside living organisms |
|
|
Term
| Disadvantage of in vitro studies |
|
Definition
| Cannot monitor effects of interactive systems that may be found in living organisms. |
|
|
