Term
|
Definition
| any parental expenditure that benefits offspring; it increases the offspring’s chances of surviving and reproductive success at the expense of the parent’s ability to invest in other offspring. |
|
|
Term
| r-selected (r-strategists) |
|
Definition
| breeding strategy in species that are smaller, mature more rapidly and produce a larger number of smaller offspring, each of which receives limited parental care and most will not reach adulthood |
|
|
Term
| K-selected (K-strategists) |
|
Definition
| breeding strategy in species that are larger, live longer and produce relatively few, larger offspring ; they give a high level of parental care and offspring have a high probability of surviving to adulthood |
|
|
Term
| unstable environments where the species has not reached its reproductive capacity |
|
Definition
| environment where r-selection (r-strategists) occurs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| environment where K-selection (K-strategists) occurs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| type of fertilisation where very large numbers of offspring can be produced but few survive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| type of fertilisation that requires direct transfer of gametes from one partner to another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| individuals of one sex having more than one mate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one male mates with a number of females in the same breeding season |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one female mates with a number of males in the same breeding season |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mating of a pair of animals to the exclusion of others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| behaviour that leads to breeding success |
|
|
Term
| species-specific sign stimuli |
|
Definition
| a feature or action that indicates intent, often to start courtship |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| species-specific sequence of behaviours in which one behaviour leads to the next |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| selection for characteristics that have little survival benefit for the individual, but increase their chance of mating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the differences in appearance between males and females of the same species as a product of sexual selection |
|
|
Term
| reversed sexual dimorphism |
|
Definition
| sexual dimorphism in which females are more conspicuous than males |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| characteristics that can indicate fitness and favourable alleles that increase the chances of survival of offspring or a low parasite burden, suggesting a healthy individual |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mate selection involving females assessing the honest signals of the fitness of males |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a communal area in which two or more males of a particular species perform courtship displays |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| subordinates and juveniles at the fringes of a lek |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| species where males gather in a communal area to perform a display for female choice |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| males fight for dominance and access to females for mating through real or ritualised conflict |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| examples of ‘weapons’ used in male-male rivalry |
|
|
