Term
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Definition
| Microscopic network or protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm that support cell shape and function |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of protein microfilament in the cytoskeleton |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of protein that forms microtubules in the cytoskeleton |
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Term
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Definition
| Process that is involved in the formation of microtubules |
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Term
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Definition
| Process that is involved in the breakdown of microtubules |
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Term
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Definition
| Hollow structures that form part of the cytoskeleton and spindle fibres |
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Term
| Microtubule Organising Centre (MTOC) |
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Definition
| Structure from where the microtubules originate (also called the centrosome) |
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Term
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Definition
| Part of the cell cycle between mitotic phases |
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Term
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Definition
| The three phases of interphase |
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Term
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Definition
| First growth phase of interphase |
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Term
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Definition
| Phase of interphase where DNA replication occurs |
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Term
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Definition
| Second growth phase of interphase |
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Term
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Definition
| Two phases of mitotic phase |
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Term
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Definition
| The order of the four stages of mitosis |
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Term
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Definition
| Phase of mitosis when the chromosomes condense |
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Term
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Definition
| Phase of mitosis when the chromosomes align on the equator |
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Term
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Definition
| Phase of mitosis when the chromatids are pulled apart by the depolymerisation of spindle tubules |
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Term
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Definition
| Phase of mitosis when the two nuclei reform round the decondensed chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| Specialised sequence of DNA that links sister chromatids |
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Term
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Definition
| A complex of proteins associated with the centromere to which the microtubules of the spindle attach |
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Term
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Definition
| Microtubules to which the chromosomes are attached by kinetochores during cell division |
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Term
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Definition
| Division of cytoplasm to form two daughter cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Proteins that control the progression of the cell cycle by activating CDK enzymes |
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Term
| Cyclin-dependant kinases (CDKs) |
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Definition
| When activated by cyclin. cause the phosphorylation of proteins which stimulates the cell cycle |
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Term
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Definition
| Tumour suppressor protein, when phosphorylated allows DNA replication in the S phase |
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Term
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Definition
| Inhibits retinoblastoma, allows cell to progress form G1 to S phase |
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Term
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Definition
| Tumour suppressor protein activated by DNA damage |
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Term
| Stimulate DNA repair, arrest cell cycle, cause cell death |
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Definition
| Three possible effects of activated p53 protein |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Effect of reduction in the rate of the cell cycle |
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Term
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Definition
| Effect of increase in the rate of the cell cycle |
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Term
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Definition
| Stage when the alignment of chromosomes on the metaphase plate is checked |
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Term
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Definition
| Normal gene usually involved in the control of the cell growth or division, which can mutate to form a tumour-promoting oncogene |
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Term
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Definition
| Programmed cell death that can be triggered by external or internal cell death signals |
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Term
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Definition
| Protease enzymes that cause cell destruction |
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