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Adult Health - Queens University, Charlotte, NC
Exam One: Glucose Monitoring
21
Nursing
Not Applicable
05/10/2012

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Cards

Term
Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG)
Definition
Cornerstone of diabetes management
Term
Primary method of SMBG
Definition
Obtain drop of blood from the fingertip.
Term
Secondary method of SMBG
Definition
Obtain drop of blood from forearm.
Term
SMBG Error sources
Definition
1. Improper application of blood
2. Improper meter cleaning and maintenance
3. Damage to reagent strips by heat or humidity
4. Use of outdated strips
Term
Values for normal blood glucose
Definition
Between 70-100 [text says 70-110]
Term
Alternate methods to test Glucose
Definition
Visual Method
Urine glucose testing
Term
Disadvantages to Urine Glucose Testing
Definition
1. Doesn't accurately reflect blood glucose level
2. Renal threshold for glucose is 180-200 mg/dL
3. Hypoglycemia can't be detected
4. Various drugs interfere with results
Term
Checking Blood Glucose?
Don't forget:
Definition
1. Universal precautions
2. Wash client's hands with warm water and soap (NOT alcohol)
3. Prick OUTER edge of finger, NOT the tip
4. Touch reagent pad to finger only ONCE
5. Keep record or log
Term
Another term for touching the reagent pad to the finger more than once.
Definition
Double-dipping
Term
Frequency of SMBG
Clients receiving insulin
Definition
2-4 times per day
Term
Frequency of SMBG
Clients NOT receiving insulin
Definition
2-3 times per week
Term
Frequency of SMBG
Always test when this occurs
Definition
Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia is suspected.
Term
Hypoglycemia
Definition
Abnormally low glucose levels, usually less than 60 mg/dL
Term
Presbyterian Hospital protocol for hypoglycemia
Definition
Level below 70
Term
Hypoglycemia causes
Definition
1. Too much insulin or oral hypoglycemic meds
2. Too little food or delayed meal
3. Excessive physical activity
Term
Mild Hypoglycemia Symptoms
Definition
HuTTS
Hu - Hunger
T - Tachycardia, palpitations
T - Tremors
S - Sweating
Term
Moderate Hypoglycemia Symptoms
Definition
B CHILLS
B - Blurred vision
C - Confusion
H - Heachaches
I - Impaired coordination
L - Lightheadedness
L - Lips/tongue numbness
S - Slurred speech
Term
Severe Hypoglycemia Symptoms
Definition
ABCS
A - Arousing is difficult
B - Behavior is disoriented
C - Coma and death
S - Seizures
Term
Treatment for Hypoglycemia
Definition
1. Assess patient
2. Check glucose with meter
3. IF LOW administer 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrate
4. Retest glucose in 15 minutes
5. If less than 70-75, repeat administration of CHO
6. Administer snack with protein and starch or eat regular meal.
Term
Options of Fast-Acting Carbohydrates
Definition
3 Glucose tablets
Peanut butter and graham crackers
Turkey sandwich
Glucose gel if patient cannot chew
D50W - IV
(PP also included: 4 oz. fruit juice of soda; 1 cup skim milk, 1 Tbsp. honey or sugar)
Term
How to administer glucose gel:
Definition
Insert into the buccal area or under the tongue to a patient who cannot chew or is in a coma.
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