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ADULT 1 first exam
first exam
58
Medical
Undergraduate 3
01/26/2012

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
subq injections go in at a ..
Definition
90 degree angle or 45
Term
intradermal injections go in at a..
Definition
15 degree angle
Term
three injection sites
Definition
deltoid, vastus lateralis, ventrogluteal,
Term
When should you aspirate?
Definition
yes for narcotics and tenacious thick medications, no for immunizations, never for anticoagulants and insulin. NEVER FOR SUB Q
Term
dorsogluteal site for injection is not used because...
Definition
could cause damage to sciatic nerve
Term
three types of inhales
Definition
nebulizers (breathing machine), metered doses, dry powder (diskus)
Term
before you administer transdermal meds...
Definition
you should cleanse and inspect skin, ensure patient only applies one patch a time
Term
what's good about transdermal meds?
Definition
slow, "trickling" dosage, i.e. hormones PO can sometimes cause nausea.
Term
Rectal meds are good for...
Definition
nauseous/vomiting patients
Term
for all questions/clarifications of med orders.. talk to the..
Definition
provider first
Term
what is a comprehensive initial assessment?
Definition
performed shortly after admittance to hospitaal, to establish a complete database for problem identification, collect all data on patient's health
Term
what is a focused assessment?
Definition
performed during initial assessment, to gather data about a specific problem that has already been identified, by the nurse to collect a info abouta specific problem
Term
what is an emergency assessment?
Definition
performed when a physiologic or psychological crisis presents, to identify-life threating problems by the nurse to gather data about the life threatening problem
Term
Time lapsed assessment?
Definition
to compare a patient's current status to baseline data obtained earlier
Term
what a problem related to data collection?
Definition
recording an interpretation of data rather than observed behavior...
Term
three parts of the nursing diagnosis
Definition
problem.. etiology (cause or contibruting factors), defining characteristics- subjective and objective data that signal the existance of the actual or potential problem
Term
what's an example of a well written goal
Definition
patient will increase his fluid intake to 2,000cc in the next 24 hours.
Term
what is the etiology phase?
Definition
the related to"" states what may be causing or contributing to the nursing diagnosis
Term
what do you do if the client falls?
Definition
ease the client to the floor, call for assistance, assess vital signs, focused physical assessment, assist the client to a wheelchair/bed
Term
what are some illnesses associated with sleep disturbances?
Definition
peptic ulcers, coronary artery diseases, epilepsy, liver failure and encephalitis, hypothyroidism
Term
what is dysomnia?
Definition
insomnia, hypersomnia, narcolepsy, sleep apnea, RLS, sleep deprivation
Term
what is parasomnia?
Definition
somnambulism, sleep talking, nocturnal erections, bruxism, enuresis, sleep related eating disorder.
Term
what is a medication?
Definition
substance administered for the diagnosis, treatment, cure, or relief of a symptom or the prevention of a disease
Term
what must a pharmaceutical dosage transform into in order to be taken up by the body?
Definition
a bioavailable form, then it can pass through cell membrane
Term
medication aborption rate depends on the...
Definition
route of administration, circulation through the tisse and whether the medication is... hydrophilic-water soluble, or fat soluble
Term
what factors interfere with absorption?
Definition
route of admin, drug solubility, pH, local conditions at site of admin, drug dosage, serum drug levels, concurrent administration
Term
how fast do IV fluids take affect?
Definition
within 5 minutes
Term
How long does buccal or sublingual take?
Definition
5-10 minutes, excretion is longer than IV
Term
How long does IM action take?
Definition
30 minutes, longer acting than IV
Term
How long does PO take to go into affect?
Definition
approx 1 hour, takes longer to be excreted from body.
Term
what is distribution?
Definition
process by which a drug is transported by the circulating fluids to various sites of action
Term
distribution is influenced by..
Definition
blood flow, tissue availability, and protein binding
Term
what is metabolism in terms of pharm?
Definition
enzymatic conversion of a drug into substrate components
Term
what is biotransformation?
Definition
changing a drug into its active metabolite
Term
where does metabolism and biotransformation primarily occur?
Definition
the liver
Term
patients with hepatic impairment may require
Definition
a reduction in dose
Term
what venues does the body excrete meds from?
Definition
urine, feces, skin, exhalation, and in saliva and in breast milk
Term
what is a drug's "half life"
Definition
the time for half the medication to be excreted, fosomax- 6 wks, regular insulin- 1 hr
Term
what is a idosyncratic response?
Definition
genetically determined abnormal or excessive response to a drug
Term
what are some manifestations of an allergic reaction to meds?
Definition
dermatitis, urticaria, angiodema, photsensitivity
Term
most serious risk of anaphylaxis
Definition
life threatening hypotension
Term
what is the medication "order"
Definition
name, date and time of order, drug name, dosage, route, frequency of administration, signature of person writing the order
Term
always identify the patient by..
Definition
name, dob
Term
always assess allergies..
Definition
even when chart reads NKDA
Term
before you adminster pain meds you should..
Definition
assess pain scale..
Term
with antihypersensitives you should check..
Definition
BP after 30 minutes
Term
what do you do in case of an error?
Definition
check patients condtn, notify nurse mgr/provider, write description of error down, complete special form
Term
what does parenteral mean?
Definition
drug given through injection
Term
What are the four forms of injection?
Definition
IM, SQ, ID(under epidermis), IV
Term
If the bevel is facing up..
Definition
the "mouth" of the syringe is facing up
Term
steps for preparing meds from vials
Definition
inject (.8 ml or whatever) of air into vial, withdraw medication from vial.
Term
what are the two high risk meds?
Definition
heparin and insulin
Term
who must be present to adminster high risk meds?
Definition
two RN's
Term
what are the sites for IM injection?
Definition
ventrogluteal, vastus lateralis, deltoid,
Term
how do you give a Ventrogluteal site IM?
Definition
index finger over the anterior superior iliac spine, index finger below iliac crest, and palm over femur prominence
Term
when should you aspirate?
Definition
when giving an IM injection with narcotics and tenacious thick meds
Term
when should you not aspirate?
Definition
insulin, anticoagulants and immunizations
Term
what do nebulizers do?
Definition
disperse fine particles of medication into deeper passages of respiratory tract
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