Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
endogenous nucleoside
misc. antidysrhythmic |
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Term
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Definition
- formed by breakdown of ATP
- adenosine and ATP found in all human cells - many roles
- slows SVT's by decreasing electrical conduction through AV node w/out causing negative inotropic effects
- acts on sinus pacemaker cells and vagal nerve terminals to decrease chronotropic activity
- drug of choice for PSVT's, used diagnostically for wide-complex tach.s of unknown type following two doses of lidocaine
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Term
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Definition
| force of muscle contraction |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Adenosine - onset and duration |
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Definition
onset - immediate
duration - 10 sec |
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Term
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Definition
- first drug for most forms of narrow-complex PSVT in adults and peds
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Term
| Adenosine - Contraindications |
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Definition
- 2nd or 3rd degree AV block, sick sinus syndrome
- hypersensitivity
- atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, v-tach (adenosine not effective in converting these rhythms to sinus rhythm)
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Term
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Definition
| conduction block between atria and ventricles - one or more but not all impulses fail to conduct to ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| complete heart block - signal generated in SA node does not propogate to ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of arrhythmias caused by malfunction at sinus node |
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Term
| Adenosine - Adverse reactions |
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Definition
- light-headedness, headache
- paresthesia
- diaphoresis, flushing
- palpitations, chest pain
- hypotension
- shortness of breath
- transient periods of sinus bradycardia, sinus pause or bradyasystole
- ventricular ectopy (fibrillation, flutter, tachycardia, torsades de pointes)
- nausea
- metallic taste
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Term
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Definition
| sensation of tingling, pricking or numbness of a person's skin |
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Term
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Definition
any electrical rhythm with ventricualr beats under 60 bpm in adults, or periods of asystole
frequently a precursor to cardiac arrest |
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Term
| Adenosine - drug interactions |
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Definition
- methylxanthines (caffeine, theophylline) - antagonize action of adenosine
- dipyrimidamole - potentiates effects, consider reduced dose
- carbamazepine - may potentiate AV-nodal blocking effect
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Term
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Definition
parenteral for IV
3 mg/ml in 2 ml and 5 ml fip top vials |
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Term
Adenosine - dosage and administration
adult |
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Definition
initial
6 mg rapid IV bolus over 1-3 sec, followed by 20 ml saline flush, elevate extremity
repeat (if no response observed in 1-2 min)
12 mg, may repeat once in 1-2 min (max single dose 12 mg) |
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Term
Adenosine - dosage and administration
ped |
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Definition
initial
0.1 mg/kg
may be doubled once (max first dose 6 mg), rapid IV bolus followed by 5ml saline flush |
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Term
| Adenosine - special considerations |
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Definition
- preg c
- place pt in mild reverse trandelenburg before admin
- brief period of asystole (up to 15 sec) following conversion, followed by resumption of normal sinus rhythm is common after admin
- pts taking theophylline may require larger doses
- cardiac transplant recipients may require only small dose
- may produce bronchoconstriction in pts with asthma or bronchopulmonary disease
- monitor ECG
- reduce initial dose to 3mg in pts taking dipyridamole (persantin) or carbamepazine (tegretol) or pts with transplanted hearts
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