Term
| Glomerular filtration rate |
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Definition
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Term
| critical for potassium homeostasis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| main causes of acute renal failure |
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Definition
| pre-renal, intrinsic renal, or post-renal |
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Term
| causes serious cardiac arrhythmias |
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Definition
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Term
| has relatively low blood flow and high metabolism thus particularly susceptible to ischemic injury |
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Definition
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Term
| peritubular capillaries encircling all nephron sections |
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Definition
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Term
| some peritubular capillaries and vascular loops which surround loop of henle which descend into medulla |
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Definition
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Term
| critical determiant of potassium regulation |
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Definition
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Term
| water channels in the collecting tubules |
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Definition
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Term
| distal delivery of tubular sodium |
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Definition
| important in regulating potassium homeostasis |
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Term
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Definition
| dictates the loss of potassium |
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Term
| someone on a loop and thiazide diuretic: |
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Definition
| keeps sodium from being absorbed into tubules --> accumulates in distal tubule further downstream and pushes potassium out --> become hypokalemic |
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Term
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Definition
| results in afferent arteriolar vasodilation and efferent arteriolar vasoconstriction |
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Term
| dilates the incoming pipe |
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Definition
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Term
| causes constriction of outgoing pipe |
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Definition
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Term
| causes constriction of the incoming pipe |
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Definition
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Term
| causes dilation of outgoing pipe |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Juxtaglomerular apparatus |
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Definition
| renin release and AT-II production; direct vasoconstriction; aldosterone secretion |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| enhanced water resorption at the collecting ducts |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Juxtaglomerular apparatus |
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Definition
| renin release and AT-II production; direct vasoconstriction; aldosterone secretion |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| enhanced water resorption at the collecting ducts |
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Term
| kidney calcium metabolism |
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Definition
| formation of the active form 1,25-OH vitamin D (required for calcium absorption from intestines); site of parathyroid hormone actions (calcium retention and phosphate wasting) |
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Term
| stimulates bone marrow production and maturation of RBCs |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| in diabetes there is scarring of glomerulus; this helps with the filtration-- good for diabetic patients |
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Term
| Every time the serum creatinine doubles |
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Definition
| the creatinine clearance drops by 50% |
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Term
| a clinical syndrome characterized by an abrupt decline in GFR and a rise in BUN and Cr; occurs over days to weeks |
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Definition
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Term
| non-dialysis ARF: complication- intravascular volume overload |
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Definition
| restrict salt (1-2 g/day) and water (<1L/day); Diuretics (usually loop +/- thiazide) |
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Term
| non-dialysis ARF: complication- hyponatremia |
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Definition
| restrict enteral water intake (<1L/day); avoid hypotonic IV solutions including dextrose |
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Term
| non-dialysis ARF: complication- hyperkalemia |
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Definition
| restrict dietary potassium intake; eliminate K supplements and K sparing diuretics; potassium-binding ion-exchange resins (sodium polystyrene sulfonate); glucose and insulin; sodium bicarbonate; albuterol; calcium gluconate |
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Term
| non-dialysis ARF: complication- metabolic acidosis |
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Definition
| restrict dietary protein; sodium bicarbonate |
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Term
| non-dialysis ARF: complication- hyperphosphatemia |
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Definition
| restrict dietary phosphate intake; phosphate binding agents (calcium carbonate, etc) |
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Term
| non-dialysis ARF: complication-- hypermagnesemia |
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Definition
| discontinue MG2 containing antacids |
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Term
| non-dialysis ARF: complication-- hyperuricemia |
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Definition
| treatment usually not necessary |
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Term
| non-dialysis ARF: complication-- nutrition |
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Definition
| restrict dietary protein; if not catabolic carbohydrate (~100g/day); enteral or parenteral nutrition |
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Term
| If hyperkalemia persists.... |
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Definition
| kayexylate (k-binding resin) |
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Term
| indications for dialysis therapy |
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Definition
| acidosis, electrolytes, ingestions, overload, uremia |
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