Term
| Acute Pancreatitis Pathophysiology |
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Definition
| Inflammation of the pancreas is caused by a premature activation of excessive pancreatic enzymes that destroy ductal tissue and pancreatic cells, resulting in autodigestion and fibrosis of the pancreas. |
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Term
| Acute Pancreatitis Complications |
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Definition
Jaundice- occurs from swelling of the head of the pancreas, which slows bile flow through the common bile duct
Intermittent hyperglycemia- occurs from the release of glucagon and decreased release of insulin from the damaged pancreatic islet cells
Left lung pleural effusions-occur when exudate containing pancreatic enzymes pass from the peritoneal cavity into the pleural cavity.
Multi-sstem organ failure-caused by necrotizing hemorrhagic pancreatitis
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Term
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Definition
| used to decrease GI tract activity, thus decreasing pancreatic stimulation which decreases pain |
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Term
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Definition
| Used to reduce pancreatic enzyme secretion |
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Term
| Drug Therapy Intervention |
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Definition
-Opioid analgesics
-Smasmolytics
-Anticholinergics
-Histamine receptor antagonists
-Proton pump inhibitors
-Antibiotics
Rationale: Used to decrease side effects and manage pancreatitis |
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Term
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Definition
Elevated: Serum amylase, lipase, trypsin, elastase, glucose, bilirubin, alanine amino transferase, and leukocyte count
Decreased serum calcium and magnesium |
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Term
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Definition
Abdominal ultrasound-diagnose pancreatitis
CT-diagnose pancreatitis
X-ray may reveal gallstones, elevation of the left side of the diaphragm or a pleural effusion |
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Term
| Morphine, Dilaudid, hyddromorphone |
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Definition
| Used to decrease pain caused by acute pancreatitis |
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Term
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Definition
| Anticholinergic used to decrease vagal stimulation, motility, and pancreatic flow |
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Term
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Definition
| Proton pump inhibitor used to decrease gastric acid secretion |
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Term
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Definition
Shock results from peripheral vasocilation from the released vasoactive substances and the retroperitoneal loss of protein-rich fluid from proteolytic digestion.
Monitor for: rapid, weak, thready pulse, tachycardia, cold clammy skin, and rapid shallow breathing |
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Term
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Definition
| Monitor for: yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and the whites of the eyes,light-colored stools, dark-colored urine, and,itching of the skin. |
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Term
| Left lung pleural effusion signs/symptoms |
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Definition
| Monitor for: shortness of breath, chest pain, fever, cough |
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Term
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Definition
| patient will have control of abdominal pain, and have adequate nutrients available to meet metabolic demand. Patient will have decreased nausea, no infections, effective breathing, and controlled glucose levels |
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Term
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Definition
| Ignatavicius, D., & Workman, L. (2010). Medical-surgical nursing patient-centered collaborative care. (6 ed., Vol. 2, pp. 1371-1377). St. Louis: Missouri. |
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