Term
| Intercranial Pressure (ICP) |
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Definition
hydrostatic force measured in the brain CSF compartment
Under normal conditions-volume remains constant |
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Term
| FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE ICP: |
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Definition
1) arterial pressure
2) venous pressure
3) intra-abdominal pressure
4) posture
5) temp
6) blood gases |
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Term
| Where can ICP be measured? |
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Definition
| ventricles, subarachnoid space, subdural space, epidural space or brain tissue |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The initial compensitory mechanisms to change CSF fluid volume are: |
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Definition
1. altering CSF absorption or production
2. displacement into the subarachnoid space |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of blood in mL passing through 100 g of brain tissue in 1 min. |
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Term
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Definition
| hematoma, contusion, abscess, tumor, cerebral edema, hyrdocephalus, head injury, or metabolic insult |
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Term
| Changes in vital signs are caused by (in ICP): |
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Definition
| pressure on the thalamus, hypothalmus, pons, and medulla |
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Term
| What is the most sensitive and reliable indicator of a patients neurologic status? |
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Definition
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Term
| Changes in LOC's are a result of impaired cerebral blood flow this in turn: |
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Definition
| deprives cells of the cerebral cortex and reticular activating system of oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
1.systolic hypertension with widening pulse pressure
2. bradycardia with bounding pulse
3. irregular respirations |
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Term
| Cushings triad is a medical emergency and this is a sign of: |
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Definition
| brainstem compression and impending death |
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Term
| Patients with conditions known to elevate ICP usually undergo ICP monitoring. What is the gold standard for ICP monitoring? |
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Definition
| Ventriculostomy which is a specialized catheter inserted into the lateral ventrical and coupled into an external tranducer |
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Term
| What is alternative technology to the "gold standard" for ICP monitoring? |
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Definition
1. a fiberoptic catheter, uses a sensor transducer within the catheter tip.
2. Subarachnoid bolt- placed through the skull between the arachnoid membrane and cerebral cortex ** does not allow for cerebral drainage
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Term
| What is a serious and big complication with ICP monitoring? |
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Definition
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Term
Subjective data should be gained from the patient or family- describe LOC by noting specific behaviors of the patient.
What should be used when deviation from normal occures? |
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Definition
| Glascow coma scale and body functions |
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Term
NEURO ASSESSMENT:
COMPARE PUPILS-If ICP continues to increase what happens to the eyes? |
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Definition
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Term
| As ICP increases, LOC decreses and the patient is at risk for what? |
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Definition
| Airway obstruction from the tounge dropping back into the throat. Maitanence of the airway is critical and a primary nursing responsibility. |
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