refers to soft-stemmed plants, not woody ones, and to the whole plant or the above ground part

Latin "Herba"

ex. Han Lian Cao

Indicates the herb is the form/species/cultivar from Sichuan: the herb comes from this area or in some cases the best material of it comes from this area

ex. Bei Sha Shen, Radix Glehnia littoralis

Latin "Magnus"

ex. Da Zao, Da Fu Pi, Da Qing Ye,

Da Huang, Radix Rheum palmatum

can also refer to bile

Latin "Fel" or "Fellea"

ex. Dan Nan xing or

Niu Dan (L. Vesica Fellea Bovis)

ex. Lu Dou, Chi Xiao Dou, Rou Dou Kou, Bia Dou Kou

ex. Bai Bian Dou, L. Semen Dolichos Lablab

Latin "Concha"

ex. Hai Ge Ke (L. Concha Cyclina sinensis)

Latin "Radix" or "Rhizoma"

ex. BaiLu Gen, Bai Mao Gen

ex. Ge Gen (L. Radix Pueraria lobata

Zi Su Geng (L. Caulis Perilla frutescens)

Chun Gen Pi (L. Cortex Radixis Ailanthus altissima)

Latin "Os" or "Ossis"

ex. Gu Sui Bu (L. Rhizoma Drynaria fortunei)

Latin "Fructus"

ex. Xi Gua (L. Fructus Citrullus lanatus, watermelon fruit)

Latin "Fructus"

ex. Bai Guo (L. Semen Ginkgo bilboa)

ex. Hai Tong Pi, (L. Cortex Erythrina indica)

Latin "Flos"

ex. Ju Hua (L. Flos Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Hangjuhua)

indicates the herb is the form/species/cultivar from the Huai River Valley

ex. Huai Niu Xi, (L.Radix Achyrathes bidentata)

Latin "Gelatinum"

- Lu Jiao Jiao
- Bie Jia Jiao
- Gui Ban Jiao
- Ji Xue Teng Jiao
- E Jiao (L. Gelatinum Equus asinus)

Latin "Cornu"

- Lu Jiao
- Shui Niu Jiao
- Xi Jiao
- Ling Yang Jiao (L. Cornu Saiga tatarica)

Latin "Nodus"

- Song Jie
Ou Jie (L. Nodus Nelumbo nucifera)

- Ku Shen (L. Radix Sophora flavescens)

- Long Yan Rou
- Hai Long
- Long Gu (L. Fossilia Ossis Cervus punjabensis)

- Huo Ma Ren
- Ma Huang (L. Herba Ephedra sinica)

Latin "Matris"

- Zhi Mu
- Zhen Zhu Mu
- Chuan Bei Mu (L. Bulbus Fritillaria cirrhosa)

Latin "Lignum"

- Mu Gua (L. Fructus Chaenomeles speciosa)

- Nan Sha Shen (L. Radix Adenophora stricta)

Latin "Cortex" or "Pericarpium"

- Chen Pi (L. Pericarpium Citrus reticulata)

Latin "Fermentata"

- Hong Qu (Red Yeast Rice)
-Shen Qu (L. Massa medicata fermentata)

this is the inside part of a seed that has an outer hard shell- almond or peach kernal are examples

Tao Ren (L. Semen Prunus persica)

Latin "Arillus"

- Long Yan Rou (L. Arillus Dimocarpus longan)

- Sang Bai Pi
- Sang Zhi
- Sang Shen Zi
- Sang Ye (L. Folium Morus alba)

Latin "Excrementum" or "Faeces"

- Can Sha
- Ye Ming Sha (L. Excrementum Vesperilio murinus)

- Nan Sha Shen
- Bei Sha Shen (L. Radix Glehnia littoralis)

- Ren Shen
- Dang Shen (L. Radix Codonopsis pilosula)

- Shi Wei
- Shi Jue Ming
- Shi Hu (L. Herba Dendrobium loddigesii)

Latin "Caulis"

- Ji Xue Teng (L.Caulis Spatholobus suberectus)

- Tu Niu Xi
- Tu Jing Pi
- Tu Mu Xiang
- Tu Fu Ling (L. Rhizoma Smilax glabra)

- Ban Xia
- Dong Chong Xia Cao
- Xia Ku Cao (L. Spica Prunella Vulgaris)

- Mu Xiang
- Chen Xiang
- Chen Xiang
- Tan Xiang
- Xiao Hui Xiang, Huo Xiang
- Xiang Fu (L. Rhizoma SmilaTuber Cyoerys rotundus)

- Xiao Hui Xiang (L. Fructus Foeniculum Vulgare)

Latin "Medulla"

- Lian Xin
- Deng Xin Cao (L. Medulla Juncus Effuses var decipiens)

Latin "Germinatum"

- Gu Ya
- Mai Ya (L. Fructus germinatum Hordeum vulgare)

Latin "Folium"

- Sang Ye
- Ai Ye
- Zi Su Ye (L. Folium Perilla Frutescens)

Indicates herb is form/species/cultivar from Yunnan

- Yun Mu Xiang (L. Radix Saussurea lappa)

Indicates herb is form/species/cultivar from Zhejiang

- Zhe Bei Mu (L. Bulbus Fritillaria thunbergii)

- Zi Su Ye
- Zi Wan
- Zi Hua Di Ding (L. Herba Viola yedoensis)

Latin "Semen"

- Man Jing Zi (L. Semen Vitex Rotundifolia)

Latin "Albus" or "Alba"

- Bai Mao Gen (L. Rhizoma Imperata cyclindrica)

Latin "Nigrum" or "Nigra"

- Hei Zhi Ma (L. Semen Sesamum indicum"

Latin "Rubrum"

- Hong Hua (L. Flos Carthamus tinctoria)

Latin "Rubrum"

- Dan Shen (L. Radix Salvia Miltiorrhiza)

Latin "Rubrum"

- Chi Shao (L. Radix Paeonia veitchii/obovata)

- Huang Lian (L. Rhizoma Coptis chinensis)

- Ban Lan Gen (L. Radix Isatis indigotica)

Latin "Viride"

- Lu Dou (L. Semen Phaseolus radiatus)

Latin "Blue, black-green"

- Da Qing Ye, Folium Isatis indigotica

- Tian Men Dong

- Tian Men Dong
- Mai Men Dong

Da Men- entrance, door, gate,

Hu - household, door, family

Men - opening; door; gate; doorway; gateway; valve; switch;

- Tian Men Dong
-Mai Men Dong

- Huang Jing

- Xi Yang Shen (Western, foreign, ginseng - "American Ginseng")

- Xi Yang Shen (western, foreign, special root - ginseng "American Ginseng")

- Tai Zi Shen (prince, special root - ginseng)

- Fu Ling