Hill v Baxter (1958)

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Act 

In this case, the court gave examples of situations where a car driver would not be acting voluntarily, including being stung by a swarm of bees.

Children and Young Person's Act (1933)

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Omission

Duty arising from a statutory duty, creates the offence of a parent willfully neglecting their child.

Pittwood (1902)

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Omission

Contractual duty, the defendant left the gates of a railway crossing open - despite his contract telling him otherwise - resulting in a death.

Dytham (1979)

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Omission 

Duty arising from an official position, uniformed defendant ignored a fatal attack carried out on a man, later being convicted on the offence of misconduct in a public office.

Stone and Dobinson (1977)

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Omission

Statutory assumption of risk, the defendants allowed an ill woman to live in their home but failed to call the medical services when necessary, later being convicted of manslaughter due to neglecting the duty they took on.

Miller (1983)

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Omission

Chain of events, defendant accidentally set fire to a house he had been squatting in, yet failed to minimise the harmful effects of the fire, later being convicted of criminal damage.

Actus Reus