Term
| Describe four basic elements of normal movement: |
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Definition
- Alignment and posture
- Joint mobility
- Balance
- Coordinated movement
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Term
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Definition
| is the term used to describe awareness of posture, movement, and changes in equilibrium and knowledge of position, weight, and resistance of object in relation to body. |
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Definition
| exercise are those in which there is muscle contraction without moving the joint (muscle length dose not change). |
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Term
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Definition
| involves muscle contraction or tension against resistance; thus, they can be either isotonic or isometric. |
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Term
| Isotonic (dynamic) exercise |
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Definition
| are those in which the muscle shortens to produce muscle contraction and active movement. Isotonic are most physical conditioning exercise. |
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Term
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Definition
| is activity during which the amount of oxygen taken in the body is greater than that used to perform the activity. Aerobic exercise use large muscle groups that move repetitively. |
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Term
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Definition
| involves activity in which the muscles cannot draw out enough oxygen from the bloodstream, and anaerobic pathways are use to provide additional energy for a short time. |
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Term
| Compare the effects of exercise and immobility on the body systems: |
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Definition
Exercise is essential for maintaining mental and physical heath:
Immobility are affected by any disorder that impairs the ability of nervous system, musculosketal system, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, and vestibular apparatus |
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Term
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Definition
Flexion Extension Hyperextension Abduction
Adduction Eversion Inversion Pronation
Rotation Circumduction Supination
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Term
| System that Benefits from Exercise: |
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Definition
Musculoskeltal System hypertrophy muscles
Cardiovascular System improve increase the heart rate, the strength of heart muscle contraction
Respiratory System increase air circulating into and out of the lungs
Gastrointestinal System improves the appetite and increase gastrointestinal tract |
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Term
| System that Benefits from Exercise |
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Definition
Metabolic/ Endocrine System elevates the metabolic rate
Urinary System adequate exercise promotes efficient blood flow
Immune System improve circulation lymph in body
Psychoneurologic System selfesteem
Cognitive function decision-making and problem-solving
Spiritual Health mind-body spirit connection |
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Term
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Definition
| isotonic exercises in which the client moves each joint in the body through its complete range, maximally stretching all muscle groups within each plane over the joint |
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Term
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Definition
| the type and amount of exercise or daily activities an individual is able to perform |
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Term
| Activity-exercise pattern |
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Definition
| refers to a person's pattern of exercise, activity, leisure, and recreation |
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Term
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Definition
| any activity during which the body takes in more or an equal amount of oxygen than it expends |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a process in which simple substances are converted by the body cells into more complex substances (e.g., building tissue, positive nitrogen balance) |
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Term
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Definition
| involves activity in which the muscles cannot draw out enough oxygen from the blood stream; used in endurance training |
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Term
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Definition
| permanently immobile joints |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| wasting away; decrease in size of organ or tissue (e.g., muscle) |
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Term
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Definition
| the area on which an object rests |
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Term
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Definition
| strict confinement to bed (complete bed rest), or the client may be allowed to use a bedside commode or have bathroom privileges |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
| a process in which complex substances are broken down into simpler substances (e.g., breakdown of tissue) |
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Definition
| the point at which the mass (weight) of the body is centered |
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Term
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Definition
| permanent shortening of a muscle and subsequent shortening of tendons and ligaments |
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Term
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Definition
| (1) a dry, crackling sound like that of crumpled cellophane, produced by air in the subcutaneous tissue or by air moving through fluid in the alveoli of the lungs; (2) a crackling, grating sound produced by bone rubbing against bone |
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Term
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Definition
| back-lying position without a pillow |
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Term
| Dorsal recumbent position |
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Definition
| a back-lying position with the head and shoulders slightly elevated |
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Term
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Definition
| a blood clot (or a substance such as air) that has moved from its place of origin and is causing obstruction to circulation elsewhere (plural: emboli) |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of physical activity; a planned, structured, and repetitive bodily movement done to improve or maintain one or more components of physical fitness |
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Definition
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Definition
| a bed sitting position with the head of the bed raised to 45 degrees |
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Definition
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Definition
| a bed-sitting position in which the head of the bed is elevated 90 degrees |
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Term
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Definition
enlargement of a muscle or organ |
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Term
| Isokinetic (resistive) exercise |
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Definition
| muscle contraction or tension against resistance |
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Term
| Isometric (static or setting) exercise |
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Definition
| tensing of a muscle against an immovable outer resistance, which does not change muscle length or produce joint motion |
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Term
| Isotonic (dynamic) exercise |
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Definition
| exercise in which muscle tension is constant and the muscle shortens to produce muscle contraction and active movement |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an imaginary vertical line running through the center of gravity |
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Term
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Definition
| a technique used to turn a client whose body must at all times be kept in straight alignment (like a log) |
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Term
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Definition
| an exaggerated concavity in the lumbar region of the vertebral column |
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Term
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Definition
| a bed-sitting position in which the head of the bed is elevated between 15 and 45 degrees, with or without knee flexion |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to move about freely, easily, and purposefully in the environment |
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Term
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Definition
| a sitting position to relieve respiratory difficulty in which the client leans over and is supported by an overbed table across the lap |
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Term
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Definition
| number of steps taken per minute or the distance taken in one step when walking |
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Term
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Definition
| another person moves each of the client's joints through its complete range of movement, maximally stretching all muscle groups within each plane over each joint |
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Term
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Definition
| bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure and produces progressive health benefits |
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Term
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Definition
face-lying position, with or without a small pillow |
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Term
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Definition
| the degree of movement possible for each joint |
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Term
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Definition
| a bed-sitting position in which the head of the bed is elevated between 15 and 45 degrees, with or without knee flexion |
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Term
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Definition
| side-lying position with lowermost arm behind the body and uppermost leg flexed |
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Term
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Definition
| describing the sudden, prolonged involuntary muscle contractions of clients with damage to the central nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
| back-lying position without a pillow |
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Term
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Definition
| a solid mass of blood constituents in the circulatory system; a clot (plural: thrombi) |
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Term
| Tripod (triangle) position |
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Definition
| the proper standing position with crutches; crutches are placed about 15 cm (6 in) in front of the feet and out laterally about 15 cm (6 in), creating a wide base of support |
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Term
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Definition
| a temporary or permanent inability of the external sphincter muscles to control the flow of urine from the bladder |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the accumulation of urine in the bladder and inability of the bladder to empty itself |
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Term
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Definition
| stagnation of urinary flow |
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Term
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Definition
| forceful exhalation against a closed glottis, which increases intrathoracic pressure and thus interferes with venous blood return to the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalationa |
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